青少年对改善同年龄段人群身体活动的建议：一项定性研究。
Teenage recommendations to improve physical activity for their age group: a qualitative study.
机构信息
College of Medicine, Data Science Building, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
College of Engineering, Bay Campus Swansea University, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Skewen, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2018 Mar 20;18(1):372. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5274-3.
BACKGROUND
It is recommended that young people should engage in 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVPA) a day for health benefits, but few teenagers actually meet this recommendation. Policy-makers play a vital role in designing physical activity initiatives, but they generally do this with little or no input from the intervention recipients. This study explores the recommendations made by teenagers to improve activity provision, uptake and sustainability of physical activity engagement for both themselves and their peers.
METHODS
Thirteen focus groups were carried out in seven secondary schools in South Wales, United Kingdom. Participants (n = 78) were recruited from a larger mixed-method randomised control trial, which involved the implementation of a voucher scheme to promote physical activity in teenagers (aged 13-14). Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify key issues from the perspective of the teenage participants.
RESULTS
Six key recommendations were identified following analysis of the focus groups: i) Lower/remove the cost of activities without sacrificing the quality, ii) Make physical activity opportunities more locally accessible, iii) Improve the standards of existing facilities, iv) Make activities more specific to teenagers v) Give teenagers a choice of activities/increase variety of activity and vi) Provide activities that teenage girls enjoy (e.g., fun, sociable and not competitive sport). Throughout the focus groups, the increased opportunity to participate in unstructured activity was a key recommendation echoed by both boys and girls in all themes.
CONCLUSION
There is a disconnect between what is available and what teenagers want to do. Policy-makers and those involved in physical activity delivery (e.g., schools, local council and local activity providers) should include young people in designing interventions and facilities to ensure they are meeting the needs of this age group and providing the right opportunities for teenagers to be active. That is unstructured, local, low cost, fun, sociable opportunities and the right facilities to be active.
背景
为了促进健康，建议年轻人每天进行 60 分钟的中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA），但很少有青少年真正达到这一建议。政策制定者在设计身体活动倡议方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但他们通常在很少或没有来自干预接受者的投入的情况下这样做。本研究探讨了青少年提出的建议，以改善活动提供、提高青少年的活动参与率和可持续性。
方法
在英国南威尔士的七所中学进行了 13 次焦点小组讨论。参与者（n=78）是从一项更大的混合方法随机对照试验中招募的，该试验涉及实施代金券计划，以促进青少年的身体活动（年龄在 13-14 岁之间）。采用主题分析方法从青少年参与者的角度确定关键问题。
结果
对焦点小组进行分析后，确定了六项关键建议：i）降低/免除活动费用，同时不降低质量，ii）使体育活动机会更方便当地获得，iii）提高现有设施的标准，iv）使活动更针对青少年，v）给青少年提供多种活动/增加活动多样性，vi）提供青少年喜欢的活动（例如，有趣、社交且不具竞争性的运动）。在整个焦点小组讨论中，男孩和女孩都强烈建议增加参加非结构化活动的机会。
结论
现有的活动与青少年想做的活动之间存在脱节。政策制定者和参与身体活动提供的人（例如，学校、地方议会和当地活动提供商）应让年轻人参与设计干预措施和设施，以确保这些干预措施和设施满足这一年龄组的需求，并为青少年提供正确的机会，让他们积极参与活动。这些机会是无组织的、当地的、低成本的、有趣的、社交的，并且有正确的设施来进行活动。
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