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特发性脊柱侧凸病因新探:神经嵴细胞。

A New Look at Etiological Factors of Idiopathic Scoliosis: Neural Crest Cells.

机构信息

Novosibirsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics n.a. Ya.L. Tsivyan, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russia.

出版信息

Int J Med Sci. 2018 Mar 6;15(5):436-446. doi: 10.7150/ijms.22894. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common disabling pathologies of children and adolescents. Etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis remain unknown. To study the etiology of this disease we identified the cells' phenotypes in the vertebral body growth plates in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. The cells were isolated from vertebral body growth plates of the convex and concave sides of the deformity harvested intraoperatively in 50 patients with scoliosis. Cells were cultured and identified by methods of common morphology, neuromorphology, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis. Cultured cells of convex side of deformation were identified as chondroblasts. Cells isolated from the growth plates of the concave side of the deformation showed numerous features of neuro- and glioblasts. These cells formed synapses, contain neurofilaments, and expressed neural and glial proteins. For the first time we demonstrated the presence of cells with neural/glial phenotype in the concave side of the vertebral body growth plate in scoliotic deformity. We hypothesized that neural and glial cells observed in the growth plates of the vertebral bodies represent derivatives of neural crest cells deposited in somites due to alterations in their migratory pathway during embryogenesis. We also propose that ectopic localization of cells derived from neural crest in the growth plate of the vertebral bodies is the main etiological factor of the scoliotic disease.

摘要

特发性脊柱侧凸是儿童和青少年最常见的致残性疾病之一。特发性脊柱侧凸的病因和发病机制尚不清楚。为了研究这种疾病的病因,我们在 50 例特发性脊柱侧凸患者的病变椎体生长板中鉴定了细胞表型。在 50 例脊柱侧凸患者的手术中,我们从病变的凸侧和凹侧的椎体生长板中分离出细胞。通过普通形态学、神经形态学、电子显微镜、免疫组织化学和 PCR 分析方法对细胞进行培养和鉴定。变形凸侧的培养细胞被鉴定为软骨细胞。从变形凹侧生长板分离的细胞表现出许多神经胶质母细胞的特征。这些细胞形成突触,含有神经丝,并表达神经和神经胶质蛋白。我们首次证明在脊柱侧凸变形的椎体生长板凹侧存在具有神经/神经胶质表型的细胞。我们假设在椎体生长板中观察到的神经和神经胶质细胞是神经嵴细胞的衍生物,由于胚胎发生期间其迁移途径发生改变,这些细胞沉积在体节中。我们还提出,源自神经嵴的细胞在椎体生长板中的异位定位是脊柱侧凸疾病的主要病因因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9ff5/5859766/8c09037f3bcf/ijmsv15p0436g001.jpg

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