Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America.
Dole Nutrition Research Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Mar 22;13(3):e0194843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194843. eCollection 2018.
Using a randomized, crossover, counterbalanced approach, cyclists (N = 20, overnight fasted state) engaged in the four 75-km time trials (2-week washout) while ingesting two types of bananas with similar carbohydrate (CHO) but different phenolic content (Cavendish, CAV; mini-yellow, MIY, 63% higher polyphenols), a 6% sugar beverage (SUG), and water only (WAT). CHO intake was set at 0.2 g/kg every 15 minutes. Blood samples were collected pre-exercise and 0 h-, 0.75 h-,1.5 h-, 3 h-, 4.5 h-, 21 h-, 45 h-post-exercise.
Each of the CHO trials (CAV, MIY, SUG) compared to water was associated with higher post-exercise plasma glucose and fructose, and lower leukocyte counts, plasma 9+13 HODES, and IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra. OPLS-DA analysis showed that metabolic perturbation (N = 1,605 metabolites) for WAT (86.8±4.0 arbitrary units) was significantly greater and sustained than for CAV (70.4±3.9, P = 0.006), MIY (68.3±4.0, P = 0.002), and SUG (68.1±4.2, P = 0.002). VIP ranking (<3.0, N = 25 metabolites) showed that both CAV and MIY were associated with significant fold changes in metabolites including those from amino acid and xenobiotics pathways. OPLS-DA analysis of immediate post-exercise metabolite shifts showed a significant separation of CAV and MIY from both WAT and SUG (R2Y = 0.848, Q2Y = 0.409). COX-2 mRNA expression was lower in both CAV and MIY, but not SUG, versus WAT at 21-h post-exercise in THP-1 monocytes cultured in plasma samples. Analysis of immediate post-exercise samples showed a decrease in LPS-stimulated THP-1 monocyte extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in CAV and MIY, but not SUG, compared to WAT.
CHO ingestion from bananas or a sugar beverage had a comparable influence in attenuating metabolic perturbation and inflammation following 75-km cycling. Ex-vivo analysis with THP-1 monocytes supported a decrease in COX-2 mRNA expression and reduced reliance on glycolysis for ATP production following ingestion of bananas but not sugar water when compared to water alone.
ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Institutes of Health, identifier: NCT02994628.
采用随机、交叉、平衡对照的方法，让 20 名骑自行车的人（禁食过夜状态）在摄入两种碳水化合物（CHO）含量相似但酚类含量不同的香蕉（Cavendish，CAV；迷你黄，MIY，多酚含量高 63%）、6%糖饮料（SUG）和仅水（WAT）的情况下，进行 4 次 75 公里的计时赛（2 周洗脱期）。CHO 的摄入量设定为每 15 分钟 0.2 克/公斤。在运动前和运动后 0 小时、0.75 小时、1.5 小时、3 小时、4.5 小时、21 小时、45 小时采集血样。
与水相比，CHO 试验（CAV、MIY、SUG）中的每一种都与运动后更高的血糖和果糖水平相关，白细胞计数更低，血浆 9+13 HODES 和 IL-6、IL-10 和 IL-1ra 水平更低。OPLS-DA 分析显示，WAT（86.8±4.0 个任意单位）的代谢紊乱（N=1605 种代谢物）明显大于 CAV（70.4±3.9，P=0.006）、MIY（68.3±4.0，P=0.002）和 SUG（68.1±4.2，P=0.002），且持续时间更长。VIP 排名（<3.0，N=25 种代谢物）显示，CAV 和 MIY 都与氨基酸和外来物途径的代谢物显著的折叠变化相关。对运动后即刻代谢物变化的 OPLS-DA 分析显示，CAV 和 MIY 与 WAT 和 SUG 有明显的分离（R2Y=0.848，Q2Y=0.409）。在培养于血浆样本中的 THP-1 单核细胞中，CAV 和 MIY 与 WAT 相比，COX-2 mRNA 表达在 21 小时后更低，而 SUG 则没有。对运动后即刻样本的分析显示，与 WAT 相比，CAV 和 MIY 降低了 LPS 刺激的 THP-1 单核细胞细胞外酸化率（ECAR），而 SUG 则没有。
从香蕉或含糖饮料中摄入 CHO 对 75 公里骑行后的代谢紊乱和炎症有类似的缓解作用。与仅用水相比，用 THP-1 单核细胞进行的体外分析表明，摄入香蕉后 COX-2 mRNA 表达降低，糖酵解产生 ATP 的依赖性降低，但摄入糖水则不然。
ClinicalTrials.gov，美国国立卫生研究院，标识符：NCT02994628。
