a School of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Sport Science , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.
b Sport and Exercise Science , University of Central Florida , Orlando , FL , USA.
J Sports Sci. 2018 Dec;36(23):2637-2643. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1456394. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
The aim of the present study was to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the table tennis top spin shot when played cross-court (CC) or long-line (LL) in competitive table tennis players. Seven national level players respectively completed 10 long-line and 10 cross-court top spin shots responding to a standard ball machine. A stereophotogrammetric system was used to track body segments while executing the motion. Significantly more flexed right knee and elbow angles were measured at the moment of maximum velocity of the racket (MMV) in LL. In addition, significantly greater angles between the feet and the table and between the shoulders and the table at the MMV, indicated more pronounced rotation angles of the lower upper and upper-body in LL compared to CC with respect to the table. A higher inclination of the racket at the MMV was found in LL. The elbow flexion and the racket inclination may be associated to the direction of the shot. The present findings show that kinematic differences exist between the LL and the CC topspin forehand in competitive table tennis players. Coaches should be aware of these differences to adopt the optimal teaching strategies and to reproduce proper joint angles during training.
本研究旨在比较乒乓球横拍和直拍上旋球的生物力学特征，研究对象为 7 名国家级乒乓球运动员。每位运动员分别完成 10 次横拍和 10 次直拍上旋击球，击球时使用立体摄影测量系统跟踪身体各部位的运动。研究结果表明，直拍上旋击球时，运动员在达到球拍最大速度瞬间（MMV）时右膝和右肘的弯曲角度更大，并且双脚与球台之间以及肩部与球台之间的角度也更大，这表明与横拍相比，直拍击球时运动员的下肢和上半身旋转角度更明显。此外，直拍上旋击球时的球拍倾斜角度也更大。在 MMV 时，肘部弯曲和球拍倾斜可能与击球方向有关。本研究结果表明，乒乓球直拍和横拍上旋击球的运动学存在差异。教练应该意识到这些差异，以便采用最佳的教学策略，并在训练中重现适当的关节角度。
