Bańkosz Ziemowit, Winiarski Sławomir
Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Poland.
Appl Bionics Biomech. 2021 Jul 14;2021:5555874. doi: 10.1155/2021/5555874. eCollection 2021.
The research is aimed at comparing the kinematics (the movement pattern in the most important joints and accelerations of the playing hand) between female table tennis players coached in Poland (POL) and China (CHIN) during the performance of a topspin backhand stroke (so-called quick topspin). The study involved six female table tennis players at a high sports skill level, playing in Poland's highest league. Three were national team members of Poland (age: 20.3 ± 1.9), while the other three were players from China (age: 20.0 ± 0.0). Kinematics was measured using MR3 myoMuscle Master Edition system-inertial measurement unit (IMU) system. The participants performed one task of topspin backhand as a response to a topspin ball, repeated 15 times. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was calculated using SPM1D in a Python package that offered a high-level interface to SPM1D. The SPM method allowed for the determination of differences between the Chinese and Polish female athletes. The differences found are probably mainly due to differences in the training methodologies caused by different coaching systems. The observed differences include, among others, greater use of the so-called small steps in order to adapt and be ready during the back to ready position and backswing phases, which gives the CHIN players slightly better conditions for preparation for the next plays. The CHIN players' position compared to that of the POL players favours a quicker transition from the backhand to the forehand play. This difference is probably related to the difference in the dominant playing styles of the groups studied. Despite the differences in movement patterns in both groups, the exact value of playing hand was achieved. This may be a manifestation of the phenomenon of equifinality and compensation. All the differences found are probably mainly due to differences in the training methodologies caused by different coaching systems.
该研究旨在比较在执行上旋反手击球（即所谓的快速上旋）时，波兰（POL）和中国（CHIN）教练指导下的女子乒乓球运动员的运动学（最重要关节的运动模式以及击球手的加速度）。该研究涉及六名具有高运动技能水平、参加波兰最高级别联赛的女子乒乓球运动员。其中三名是波兰国家队队员（年龄：20.3±1.9），另外三名是来自中国的运动员（年龄：20.0±0.0）。使用MR3 myoMuscle Master Edition系统 - 惯性测量单元（IMU）系统测量运动学数据。参与者对一个上旋球执行一次上旋反手击球任务，重复15次。使用Python包中的SPM1D计算统计参数映射（SPM），该包提供了到SPM1D的高级接口。SPM方法用于确定中国和波兰女运动员之间的差异。发现的差异可能主要归因于不同教练体系导致的训练方法差异。观察到的差异包括，在回到准备姿势和引拍阶段更多地使用所谓的小步，以便适应并做好准备，这使得中国运动员在下一次击球的准备方面条件略好。与波兰运动员相比，中国运动员的位置有利于从反手更快地过渡到正手击球。这种差异可能与所研究群体的主导打法差异有关。尽管两组的运动模式存在差异，但击球手的精确值得以实现。这可能是等效性和补偿现象的一种表现。所有发现的差异可能主要归因于不同教练体系导致的训练方法差异。
