J Sport Rehabil. 2019 Aug 1;28(6):552-557. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0386.
Several factors, such as balance and respiration training programs, have been identified as contributing to a shooting performance. However, little is known about the benefits of these programs on the shooting records of adolescent air rifle athletes.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether balance and respiration training can contribute to the shooting performance required for adolescent air rifle shooting athletes.
Case-control study.
Shooting range.
A total of 21 adolescent air rifle athletes were recruited from the local school community and assigned to an experimental (n = 11; EG) or control (n = 10; CG) group.
The EG performed respiration and balance training for 30 minutes 3 times a week for 6 weeks, and the CG performed balance training only.
Data were collected on the respiratory function, muscle activity, and shooting record before and after the 6-week intervention.
The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expired volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1 as a percentage of FVC, peak expiratory flow, and maximum voluntary ventilation were significantly increased in the EG, and FEV1 as a percentage of FVC was significantly increased in the CG (P < .05). The FVC and peak expiratory flow postintervention were significantly different between the groups (P < .05). The activity of the right internal oblique (IO) and left IO muscles of the FVC were significantly different in the EG (P < .05). Within-group changes in right external oblique, right IO, and left IO of the maximum voluntary ventilation were significantly increased in the EG (P < .05). The right IO and left IO activity improved more significantly in the EG than CG (P < .05). There was no difference between the groups with respect to the shooting records.
The clinical significance of this study is the balance and respiration training affected the respiration function capacity and muscle activity, but did not affect the shooting record. Nevertheless, these training are a potential approach method to improve athletes' shooting record.
已有研究表明，平衡和呼吸训练等多种因素有助于提高射击表现。但对于这些训练对青少年气步枪运动员射击成绩的影响，目前知之甚少。
本研究旨在探讨平衡和呼吸训练是否有助于提高青少年气步枪运动员的射击表现。
病例对照研究。
射击场。
从当地学校社区招募了 21 名青少年气步枪运动员，将其分为实验组（n = 11；EG）和对照组（n = 10；CG）。
EG 组每周进行 3 次、每次 30 分钟的呼吸和平衡训练，CG 组仅进行平衡训练。
干预前和干预后 6 周收集呼吸功能、肌肉活动和射击记录的数据。
EG 组用力肺活量（FVC）、1 秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、FEV1/FVC 百分比、呼气峰流速和最大自主通气量显著增加，CG 组 FEV1/FVC 百分比显著增加（P <.05）。干预后组间 FVC 和呼气峰流速差异有统计学意义（P <.05）。EG 组 FVC 时右侧内斜肌（IO）和左侧 IO 肌肉活动明显不同（P <.05）。EG 组最大自主通气时右侧外斜肌、右侧 IO 和左侧 IO 的肌肉活动均显著增加（P <.05）。EG 组的右侧 IO 和左侧 IO 活动改善明显优于 CG 组（P <.05）。两组间的射击记录无差异。
本研究的临床意义在于平衡和呼吸训练影响呼吸功能能力和肌肉活动，但不影响射击成绩。然而，这些训练可能是提高运动员射击成绩的一种潜在方法。
