Barron Andrew B
Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2015 Aug;10:45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.04.004. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Since 2007 honey bee colony failure rates overwinter have averaged about 30% across much of North America. In addition, cases of extremely rapid colony failure have been reported, which has been termed colony collapse disorder. Both phenomena result from an increase in the frequency and intensity of chronic diseases and environmental stressors. Colonies are often challenged by multiple stressors, which can interact: for example, pesticides can enhance disease transmission in colonies. Colonies may be particularly vulnerable to sublethal effects of pathogens and pesticides since colony functions are compromised whether a stressor kills workers, or causes them to fail at foraging. Modelling provides a way to understand the processes of colony failure by relating impacts of stressors to colony-level functions.
自2007年以来，北美大部分地区越冬蜜蜂蜂群的失败率平均约为30%。此外，还报告了蜂群极速崩溃的案例，这被称为蜂群崩溃失调症。这两种现象都是慢性病和环境压力源的频率及强度增加所致。蜂群常常受到多种压力源的挑战，这些压力源可能相互作用：例如，杀虫剂会增强疾病在蜂群中的传播。蜂群可能对病原体和杀虫剂的亚致死效应特别敏感，因为无论压力源是杀死工蜂还是导致它们觅食失败，都会损害蜂群的功能。建模提供了一种通过将压力源的影响与蜂群水平的功能联系起来理解蜂群崩溃过程的方法。
