Polivka Barbara J
Barbara J. Polivka is the Shirley B. Powers Endowed Chair and a professor at the University of Louisville School of Nursing, Louisville, KY. Contact author:
Am J Nurs. 2018 Apr;118(4):57-61. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000532078.72372.c3.
: The Great London Smog of December 1952 lasted five days and killed up to 12,000 people. The smog developed primarily because of extensive burning of high-sulfur coal. The health effects were both immediate and long lasting, with a recent study revealing an increased likelihood of childhood asthma development in those exposed to the Great Smog while in utero or during their first year of life. Subsequent pollution legislation-including the U.S. Clean Air Act and its amendments-have demonstrably reduced air pollution and positively impacted health outcomes. With poor air quality events like the Great Smog continuing to occur today, nurses need to be aware of the impact such environmental disasters can have on human health.
1952年12月的伦敦大烟雾持续了五天，造成多达12000人死亡。烟雾的形成主要是由于大量燃烧高硫煤。其对健康的影响既迅速又持久，最近一项研究表明，在子宫内或生命第一年接触过大烟雾的儿童患哮喘的可能性增加。随后的污染立法——包括美国《清洁空气法》及其修正案——已显著减少了空气污染，并对健康结果产生了积极影响。如今，像伦敦大烟雾这样空气质量差的事件仍在继续发生，护士需要意识到此类环境灾难对人类健康可能产生的影响。
