Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 29;15(4):628. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040628.
Ground-level ozone pollution in Beijing has been causing concern among the public due to the risks posed to human health. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of, and investigated population exposure to, ground-level ozone. We analyzed hourly ground-level ozone data from 35 ambient air quality monitoring sites, including urban, suburban, background, and traffic monitoring sites, during the summer in Beijing from 2014 to 2017. The results showed that the four-year mean ozone concentrations for urban, suburban, background, and traffic monitoring sites were 95.1, 99.8, 95.9, and 74.2 μg/m³, respectively. A total of 44, 43, 45, and 43 days exceeded the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) threshold for ground-level ozone in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. The mean ozone concentration was higher in suburban sites than in urban sites, and the traffic monitoring sites had the lowest concentration. The diurnal variation in ground-level ozone concentration at the four types of monitoring sites displayed a single-peak curve. The peak and valley values occurred at 3:00-4:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m., respectively. Spatially, ground-level ozone concentrations decreased in gradient from the north to the south. Population exposure levels were calculated based on ground-level ozone concentrations and population data. Approximately 50.38%, 44.85%, and 48.49% of the total population of Beijing were exposed to ground-level ozone concentrations exceeding the Chinese NAAQS threshold in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively.
北京市的地面臭氧污染因对人体健康构成威胁而引起公众关注。本研究分析了地面臭氧的时空分布及人群暴露情况。我们分析了 2014 年至 2017 年夏季北京市 35 个环境空气质量监测点（包括城市、郊区、背景和交通监测点）的每小时地面臭氧数据。结果表明，城市、郊区、背景和交通监测点的四年平均臭氧浓度分别为 95.1、99.8、95.9 和 74.2μg/m³。2014 年、2015 年、2016 年和 2017 年，分别有 44、43、45 和 43 天超过中国国家环境空气质量标准（NAAQS）地面臭氧阈值。郊区监测点的平均臭氧浓度高于城市监测点，交通监测点的浓度最低。四种监测点的地面臭氧浓度日变化呈单峰曲线。峰值和谷值分别出现在下午 3:00-4:00 和上午 7:00。从北到南，地面臭氧浓度呈梯度下降。根据地面臭氧浓度和人口数据计算了人群暴露水平。2014 年、2015 年和 2016 年，北京市约有 50.38%、44.85%和 48.49%的总人口暴露于超过中国 NAAQS 阈值的地面臭氧浓度中。
