Yu Haihao, Wang Ligong, Liu Chunhua, Fan Shufeng
The National Field Station of Freshwater Ecosystem of Liangzi Lake, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Feb 28;9:250. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00250. eCollection 2018.
Understanding the biotic and abiotic factors that influence the susceptibility of a community to invasion is beneficial for the prediction and management of invasive species and the conservation of native biodiversity. However, the relationships between factors and invasibility of a community have not been fully confirmed, and the factors most associated with the susceptibility of a community to invasion have rarely been identified. In this study, we investigated the species richness patterns in aquatic exotic and native plants and the relationships of exotic species richness with habitat and water environment factors in 262 aquatic plant communities in China. A total of 11 exotic plant species were recorded in our field survey, and we found neither a negative nor a positive relationship between aquatic exotic and native plant species richness. The aquatic exotic plant species richness is negatively correlated with the relative coverage and biomass of native plants but positively correlated with the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations in the water. The native plant species richness, native species' relative coverage, and native species' biomass were positively related to each other, whereas the TP, TN, and COD were also positively related to each other. The native plant species richness, native species' relative coverage, and native species biomass were each negatively correlated with the TP, TN, and COD. In addition, biotic rather than abiotic predictors accounted for most of the variation in exotic plant richness. Our results suggest that improving the vegetation coverage and the biodiversity of native plants is the most effective approach for preventing alien plant invasions and minimizing their impacts on freshwater ecosystems.
了解影响群落入侵易感性的生物和非生物因素，有助于预测和管理入侵物种以及保护本地生物多样性。然而，这些因素与群落可入侵性之间的关系尚未得到充分证实，与群落入侵易感性最相关的因素也鲜有确定。在本研究中，我们调查了中国262个水生植物群落中水生外来植物和本地植物的物种丰富度模式，以及外来物种丰富度与栖息地和水环境因素之间的关系。在我们的实地调查中总共记录了11种外来植物物种，并且我们发现水生外来植物和本地植物物种丰富度之间既不存在负相关也不存在正相关。水生外来植物物种丰富度与本地植物的相对盖度和生物量呈负相关，但与水中的总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和化学需氧量（COD）浓度呈正相关。本地植物物种丰富度、本地物种的相对盖度和本地物种生物量之间呈正相关，而TP、TN和COD之间也呈正相关。本地植物物种丰富度、本地物种的相对盖度和本地物种生物量分别与TP、TN和COD呈负相关。此外，生物因素而非非生物因素是外来植物丰富度变化的主要影响因素。我们的结果表明，提高本地植物的植被覆盖度和生物多样性是预防外来植物入侵并将其对淡水生态系统的影响降至最低的最有效方法。
