Department of Biological Sciences, 198 Riverside Street, Olsen Hall 414, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
Department of Integrative Biology, 352 Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2018 Feb;25:51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.11.005. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
Arachnids exhibit tremendous species richness and adaptations of biomedical, industrial, and agricultural importance. Yet genomic resources for arachnids are limited, with the first few spider and scorpion genomes becoming accessible in the last four years. We review key insights from these genome projects, and recommend additional genomes for sequencing, emphasizing taxa of greatest value to the scientific community. We suggest greater sampling of spiders whose genomes are understudied but hold important protein recipes for silk and venom production. We further recommend arachnid genomes to address significant evolutionary topics, including the phenotypic impact of genome duplications. A barrier to high-quality arachnid genomes are assemblies based solely on short-read data, which may be overcome by long-range sequencing and other emerging methods.
蛛形动物具有丰富的物种多样性,在医学、工业和农业方面具有重要的适应性。然而,蛛形动物的基因组资源有限,在过去四年中,首批几种蜘蛛和蝎子的基因组开始被破译。我们综述了这些基因组项目的主要发现,并推荐了其他值得测序的基因组,重点是对科学界最有价值的分类单元。我们建议对那些基因组研究较少但对丝和毒液生产有重要蛋白质组成的蜘蛛进行更多的采样。我们还建议利用蛛形动物基因组来解决一些重要的进化问题,包括基因组加倍对表型的影响。高质量的蛛形动物基因组的一个障碍是仅基于短读数据的组装,这可以通过长读测序和其他新兴方法来克服。