University of California, Berkeley, Department of Psychology, 3210 Tolman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2018 Jun;105:17-26. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
Many forms of psychopathology are tied to a heightened tendency to respond impulsively to strong emotions, and this tendency, in turn, is closely tied to problems with cognitive control. The goal of the present study was to test whether a two-week, six-session cognitive control training program is efficacious in reducing emotion-related impulsivity. Participants (N = 52) reporting elevated scores on an emotion-related impulsivity measure completed cognitive control training targeting working memory and response inhibition. A subset of participants were randomized to a waitlist control group. Impulsivity, emotion regulation, and performance on near and far-transfer cognitive tasks were assessed at baseline and after completion of training. Emotion-related impulsivity declined significantly from pre-training to post-training and at two-week follow-up; improvements were not observed in the waitlist control group. A decrease in brooding rumination and an increase in reappraisal were also observed. Participants showed significant improvements on trained versions of the working memory and inhibition tasks as well as improvements on an inhibition transfer task. In sum, these preliminary findings show that cognitive training appears to be well-tolerated for people with significant emotion-driven impulsivity. Results provide preliminary support for the efficacy of cognitive training interventions as a way to reduce emotion-related impulsivity.
许多形式的精神病理学都与对强烈情绪的冲动反应倾向有关，而这种倾向反过来又与认知控制问题密切相关。本研究的目的是测试为期两周、共六节的认知控制训练计划是否能有效降低与情绪相关的冲动性。报告情绪相关冲动性得分较高的参与者（N=52）完成了针对工作记忆和反应抑制的认知控制训练。一部分参与者被随机分配到等待名单对照组。在基线和培训完成后，评估冲动性、情绪调节以及近距和远距认知任务的表现。与训练前相比，情绪相关的冲动性在训练后和两周后的随访中显著下降；在等待名单对照组中没有观察到改善。沉思反刍减少，再评价增加。参与者在训练过的工作记忆和抑制任务以及抑制转移任务上都有显著的提高。总之，这些初步发现表明，认知训练对于情绪驱动的冲动性较强的人来说是可以耐受的。结果初步支持认知训练干预作为降低与情绪相关的冲动性的有效方法。
