乳酸穿梭理论的科学与转化。

The Science and Translation of Lactate Shuttle Theory.

机构信息

Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

出版信息

Cell Metab. 2018 Apr 3;27(4):757-785. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.008

PMID:29617642

Abstract

Once thought to be a waste product of anaerobic metabolism, lactate is now known to form continuously under aerobic conditions. Shuttling between producer and consumer cells fulfills at least three purposes for lactate: (1) a major energy source, (2) the major gluconeogenic precursor, and (3) a signaling molecule. "Lactate shuttle" (LS) concepts describe the roles of lactate in delivery of oxidative and gluconeogenic substrates as well as in cell signaling. In medicine, it has long been recognized that the elevation of blood lactate correlates with illness or injury severity. However, with lactate shuttle theory in mind, some clinicians are now appreciating lactatemia as a "strain" and not a "stress" biomarker. In fact, clinical studies are utilizing lactate to treat pro-inflammatory conditions and to deliver optimal fuel for working muscles in sports medicine. The above, as well as historic and recent studies of lactate metabolism and shuttling, are discussed in the following review.

摘要

曾一度被认为是无氧代谢的废物产物，如今乳酸在有氧条件下也持续生成。在生产者和消费者细胞之间穿梭，乳酸至少具有三个作用：（1）主要能量来源；（2）主要的糖异生前体；（3）信号分子。“乳酸穿梭”（LS）概念描述了乳酸在提供氧化和糖异生底物以及细胞信号传递中的作用。在医学领域，人们早就认识到血液中乳酸的升高与疾病或损伤的严重程度有关。然而，考虑到乳酸穿梭理论，一些临床医生现在将乳酸性血症视为一种“压力”而不是“应激”生物标志物。事实上，临床研究正在利用乳酸来治疗炎症性疾病，并为运动医学中工作肌肉提供最佳燃料。以下综述讨论了上述内容以及乳酸代谢和穿梭的历史和近期研究。