Hecker Norman, Domres Bernd Dieter
Sino-German Institute for Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Deutsch-Chinesische Gesellschaft für Medizin e.V., Berlin, Germany.
Sino-German Institute for Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Deutsch-Chinesische Gesellschaft für Medizin e.V., Berlin, Germany.
Chin J Traumatol. 2018 Apr;21(2):64-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2017.09.003. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
As well for optimized emergency management in individual cases as for optimized mass medicine in disaster management, the principle of the medical doctors approaching the patient directly and timely, even close to the site of the incident, is a long-standing marker for quality of care and patient survival in Germany. Professional rescue and emergency forces, including medical services, are the "Golden Standard" of emergency management systems. Regulative laws, proper organization of resources, equipment, training and adequate delivery of medical measures are key factors in systematic approaches to manage emergencies and disasters alike and thus save lives. During disasters command, communication, coordination and cooperation are essential to cope with extreme situations, even more so in a globalized world. In this article, we describe the major historical milestones, the current state of the German system in emergency and disaster management and its integration into the broader European approach.
对于个别病例的优化应急管理以及灾害管理中的大规模医疗优化而言，医生直接且及时地接近患者，甚至靠近事故现场的原则，长期以来一直是德国医疗质量和患者生存的标志。包括医疗服务在内的专业救援和应急力量是应急管理系统的“黄金标准”。监管法律、资源的合理组织、设备、培训以及医疗措施的充分实施，是系统应对紧急情况和灾害以拯救生命的关键因素。在灾害期间，指挥、通信、协调与合作对于应对极端情况至关重要，在全球化的世界中更是如此。在本文中，我们描述了德国应急和灾害管理系统的主要历史里程碑、当前状况及其融入更广泛欧洲方法的情况。
