Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Jun;102(11):4615-4627. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-8937-1. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
Microbial cells have been widely used in the industry to obtain various biochemical products, and evolutionary engineering is a common method in biological research to improve their traits, such as high environmental tolerance and improvement of product yield. To obtain better integrate functions of microbial cells, evolutionary engineering combined with other biotechnologies have attracted more attention in recent years. Classical laboratory evolution has been proven effective to letting more beneficial mutations occur in different genes but also has some inherent limitations such as a long evolutionary period and uncontrolled mutation frequencies. However, recent studies showed that some new strategies may gradually overcome these limitations. In this review, we summarize the evolutionary strategies commonly used in industrial microorganisms and discuss the combination of evolutionary engineering with other biotechnologies such as systems biology and inverse metabolic engineering. Finally, we prospect the importance and application prospect of evolutionary engineering as a powerful tool especially in optimization of industrial microbial cell factories.
微生物细胞已广泛应用于工业生产以获取各种生化产品，进化工程是生物研究中常用的一种方法，可用于改善其特性，如提高环境耐受性和提高产品产量。为了获得更好的微生物细胞综合功能，近年来进化工程与其他生物技术的结合引起了更多关注。经典的实验室进化已被证明可以有效地使不同基因中发生更多有益的突变，但也存在一些固有局限性，如进化周期长和突变频率不可控。然而，最近的研究表明，一些新策略可能逐渐克服这些局限性。本文综述了工业微生物中常用的进化策略，并讨论了进化工程与系统生物学和反向代谢工程等其他生物技术的结合。最后，我们展望了进化工程作为一种强大工具的重要性和应用前景，特别是在优化工业微生物细胞工厂方面。
