Dahlin Paul, Hallmann Johannes
Agroscope, Research Division, Plant Protection, Phytopathology and Zoology in Fruit and Vegetable Production, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany.
Plants (Basel). 2020 May 9;9(5):603. doi: 10.3390/plants9050603.
Biofumigation, although a well-known method, is still controversially debated as a management strategy for plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN). Its controlling effect is attributed to the production of isothiocyanates (ITCs) following the action of myrosinase on glucosinolates (GSLs). Different ITCs are formed from different GSLs, depending on the plant species. To better understand the potential of ITCs, eight cultivars from three Brassicaceae species were investigated as biofumigation crops to control the root knot nematode . Since results were inconsistent, the nematicidal effect of selected ITCs were further evaluated in vitro. Based on its nematicidal potential, allyl ITC (AITC) was specifically investigated under different soil:sand compositions. A significantly lower nematicidal activity was observed in soil compared to sand. AITC was also evaluated as an additive to the biofumigation in a greenhouse trial. Its supplementation to the biofumigation process with cv. Terrafit controlled , while no control was observed using cv. Defender. Thus, the success of biofumigation seems to be strongly dependent on the soil characteristics and the ITC produced during the biofumigation process. Therefore, the supplementation of AITC in combination with the right cover crop can improve the biofumigation process to control .
生物熏蒸法虽是一种广为人知的方法，但作为一种防治植物寄生线虫（PPN）的管理策略，仍存在争议。其防治效果归因于黑芥子酶作用于硫代葡萄糖苷（GSLs）后产生异硫氰酸酯（ITCs）。根据植物种类不同，不同的GSLs会形成不同的ITCs。为了更好地了解ITCs的潜力，研究了三个十字花科物种的八个品种作为生物熏蒸作物来防治根结线虫。由于结果不一致，进一步在体外评估了所选ITCs的杀线虫效果。基于其杀线虫潜力，特别研究了烯丙基异硫氰酸酯（AITC）在不同土壤与沙子组成下的情况。与沙子相比，在土壤中观察到的杀线虫活性显著较低。在温室试验中，AITC还被评估为生物熏蒸的添加剂。用Terrafit品种进行生物熏蒸过程时添加AITC可起到防治作用，而使用Defender品种时则未观察到防治效果。因此，生物熏蒸的成功似乎强烈依赖于土壤特性以及生物熏蒸过程中产生的ITC。所以，结合合适的覆盖作物添加AITC可以改善生物熏蒸过程以防治（根结线虫）。
