Das Gitishree, Tantengco Ourlad Alzeus G, Tundis Rosa, Robles Joyce Ann H, Loizzo Monica Rosa, Shin Han Seung, Patra Jayanta Kumar
Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Korea.
College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1000, Philippines.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Sep 1;11(17):2290. doi: 10.3390/plants11172290.
Seeds from mustard (genera spp. and spp.), are known as a rich source of glucosinolates and omega-3 fatty acids. These compounds are widely known for their health benefits that include reducing inflammation and lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This review presented a synthesis of published literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Sci Finder, and Web of Science regarding the different glucosinolates and omega-3 fatty acids isolated from mustard seeds. We presented an overview of extraction, isolation, purification, and structure elucidation of glucosinolates from the seeds of mustard plants. Moreover, we presented a compilation of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies showing the potential health benefits of glucosinolates and omega-3 fatty acids. Previous studies showed that glucosinolates have antimicrobial, antipain, and anticancer properties while omega-3 fatty acids are useful for their pharmacologic effects against sleep disorders, anxiety, cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes. Further studies are needed to investigate other naturally occurring glucosinolates and omega-3 fatty acids, improve and standardize the extraction and isolation methods from mustard seeds, and obtain more clinical evidence on the pharmacological applications of glucosinolates and omega-3 fatty acids from mustard seeds.
芥菜（属和属）的种子是硫代葡萄糖苷和ω-3脂肪酸的丰富来源。这些化合物因其对健康有益而广为人知，包括减轻炎症、降低心血管疾病和癌症风险。本综述综合了来自谷歌学术、PubMed、Scopus、Sci Finder和科学网关于从芥菜种子中分离出的不同硫代葡萄糖苷和ω-3脂肪酸的已发表文献。我们概述了芥菜植物种子中硫代葡萄糖苷的提取、分离、纯化和结构解析。此外，我们汇编了体外、体内和临床研究，展示了硫代葡萄糖苷和ω-3脂肪酸的潜在健康益处。先前的研究表明，硫代葡萄糖苷具有抗菌、止痛和抗癌特性，而ω-3脂肪酸因其对睡眠障碍、焦虑、脑血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、高胆固醇血症和糖尿病的药理作用而有用。需要进一步研究来调查其他天然存在的硫代葡萄糖苷和ω-3脂肪酸，改进和规范从芥菜种子中提取和分离的方法，并获得更多关于芥菜种子中硫代葡萄糖苷和ω-3脂肪酸药理应用的临床证据。
