Wang Xia, Xu Shengjun, Wu Shanghua, Feng Shugeng, Bai Zhihui, Zhuang Guoqiang, Zhuang Xuliang
School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Apr;66:199-207. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.05.016. Epub 2017 May 19.
Ammonia (NH) volatilization is one of the primary pathways of nitrogen (N) loss from soils after chemical fertilizer is applied, especially from the alkaline soils in Northern China, which results in lower efficiency for chemical fertilizers. Therefore, we conducted an incubation experiment using an alkaline soil from Tianjin (pH8.37-8.43) to evaluate the suppression effect of Trichoderma viride (T. viride) biofertilizer on NH volatilization, and compared the differences in microbial community structure among all samples. The results showed that viable T. viride biofertilizer (T) decreased NH volatilization by 42.21% compared with conventional fertilizer ((CK), urea), while nonviable T. viride biofertilizer (TS) decreased NH volatilization by 32.42%. NH volatilization was significantly higher in CK and sweet potato starch wastewater (SPSW) treatments during the peak period. T. viride biofertilizer also improved the transfer of ammonium from soil to sweet sorghum. Plant dry weights increased 91.23% and 61.08% for T and TS, respectively, compared to CK. Moreover, T. viride biofertilizer enhanced nitrification by increasing the abundance of ammonium-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The results of high-throughput sequencing indicated that the microbial community structure and composition were significantly changed by the application of T. viride biofertilizer. This study demonstrated the immense potential of T. viride biofertilizer in reducing NH volatilization from alkaline soil and simultaneously improving the utilization of fertilizer N by sweet sorghum.
氨（NH₃）挥发是施用化肥后土壤中氮（N）素损失的主要途径之一，在中国北方的碱性土壤中尤为明显，这导致化肥利用率降低。因此，我们利用天津的碱性土壤（pH 8.37 - 8.43）进行了一项培养实验，以评估绿色木霉生物肥料对NH₃挥发的抑制作用，并比较所有样品中微生物群落结构的差异。结果表明，与传统肥料（（CK），尿素）相比，活性绿色木霉生物肥料（T）使NH₃挥发降低了42.21%，而非活性绿色木霉生物肥料（TS）使NH₃挥发降低了32.42%。在高峰期，CK和红薯淀粉废水（SPSW）处理中的NH₃挥发显著更高。绿色木霉生物肥料还促进了铵从土壤向甜高粱的转移。与CK相比，T和TS处理的植物干重分别增加了91.23%和61.08%。此外，绿色木霉生物肥料通过增加氨氧化古菌（AOA）和氨氧化细菌（AOB）的丰度来增强硝化作用。高通量测序结果表明，施用绿色木霉生物肥料显著改变了微生物群落结构和组成。本研究证明了绿色木霉生物肥料在减少碱性土壤中NH₃挥发并同时提高甜高粱对肥料氮的利用率方面具有巨大潜力。
