曲霉属烟曲霉 CYP51A 多态性的意义解析。

Insight into the Significance of Aspergillus fumigatus cyp51A Polymorphisms.

机构信息

Mycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.

Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016), ISCIII, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 May 25;62(6). doi: 10.1128/AAC.00241-18. Print 2018 Jun.

Abstract

Triazole antifungal compounds are the first treatment choice for invasive aspergillosis. However, in the last decade the rate of azole resistance among strains has increased notoriously. The main resistance mechanisms are well defined and mostly related to point mutations of the azole target, 14-α sterol demethylase (), with or without tandem repeat integrations in the promoter. Furthermore, different combinations of five Cyp51A mutations (F46Y, M172V, N248T, D255E, and E427K) have been reported worldwide in about 10% of all isolates tested. The azole susceptibility profile of these strains shows elevated azole MICs, although on the basis of the azole susceptibility breakpoints, these strains are not considered azole resistant. The purpose of the study was to determine whether these polymorphisms (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs]) are responsible for the azole susceptibility profile and whether they are reflected in a poorer azole treatment response that could compromise patient treatment and outcome. A mutant with a deletion was generated and became fully susceptible to all azoles tested. Also, three gene constructions with different combinations of SNPs were generated and reintroduced into an azole-susceptible wild-type (WT) strain (the Δ strain). The alternative model host was used to compare the virulence and voriconazole response of larvae infected with strains with WT or with SNPs. All strains were pathogenic in larvae, although they did not respond similarly to voriconazole therapeutic doses. Finally, the full genomes of these strains were sequenced and analyzed in comparison with those of WT strains, revealing that they belong to different strain clusters or lineages.

摘要

三唑类抗真菌化合物是侵袭性曲霉菌病的首选治疗药物。然而,在过去的十年中,菌株的唑类耐药率显著增加。主要的耐药机制已经明确,主要与唑类靶标 14-α 甾醇去甲基酶()的点突变有关,伴有或不伴有 启动子内串联重复整合。此外,在全球约 10%的所有检测的 分离株中,已经报道了五种 Cyp51A 突变(F46Y、M172V、N248T、D255E 和 E427K)的不同组合。这些菌株的唑类药敏谱显示唑类 MIC 升高,尽管根据唑类药敏折点,这些菌株不被认为是唑类耐药。本研究的目的是确定这些 多态性(单核苷酸多态性 [SNP])是否导致唑类药敏谱,并确定它们是否反映在唑类治疗反应较差,从而影响患者的治疗和结局。生成了一个带有 缺失的突变体,该突变体对所有测试的唑类药物均完全敏感。此外,还生成了三个带有不同 SNP 组合的 基因构建体,并将其重新引入唑类敏感的野生型(WT)菌株(Δ 菌株)中。使用替代模型宿主 来比较感染 WT 或 SNP 菌株的 幼虫的毒力和伏立康唑反应。所有菌株均可在 幼虫中致病,尽管它们对伏立康唑治疗剂量的反应并不相同。最后,对这些菌株的全基因组进行测序并与 WT 菌株的基因组进行比较分析,结果表明它们属于不同的菌株群或谱系。

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