School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston Qld 4006, Australia.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2018 Jul 1;88:182-195. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.007. Epub 2018 Mar 17.
Titanium is an ideal material choice for orthopaedic and dental implants, and hence a significant amount of research has been focused towards augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of titanium surfaces. More recently the focus has shifted to nano-engineered implants fabricated via anodization to generate self-ordered nanotubular structures composed of titania (TiO). These structures (titania nanotubes/TNTs) enable local drug delivery and tailorable cellular modulation towards achieving desirable effects like enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial action. However, the mechanical stability of such modifications is often ignored and remains underexplored, and any delamination or breakage in the TNTs modification can initiate toxicity and lead to severe immuno-inflammatory reactions. This review details and critically evaluates the progress made in relation to this aspect of TNT based implants, with a focus on understanding the interface between TNTs and the implant surface, treatments aimed at augmenting mechanical stability and strategies for advanced mechanical testing within the bone micro-environment ex vivo and in vivo. This review article extends the existing knowledge in this domain of TNTs implant technology and will enable improved understanding of the underlying parameters that contribute towards mechanically robust nano-engineered implants that can withstand the forces associated with implant surgical placement and the load bearing experienced at the bone/implant interface.
钛是骨科和牙科植入物的理想材料选择，因此大量研究集中在增强钛表面的治疗效果上。最近，研究的重点已经转移到通过阳极氧化制造的纳米工程植入物上，以生成由二氧化钛 (TiO) 组成的自有序纳米管状结构。这些结构（二氧化钛纳米管/TNTs）能够实现局部药物输送和可调节的细胞调节，从而实现增强骨整合和抗菌作用等理想效果。然而，这种修饰的机械稳定性通常被忽略并且仍然未得到充分探索，TNTs 修饰中的任何分层或断裂都可能引发毒性并导致严重的免疫炎症反应。这篇综述详细介绍并批判性地评估了与基于 TNT 的植入物的这一方面相关的进展，重点是了解 TNTs 与植入物表面之间的界面、旨在增强机械稳定性的治疗方法以及在骨微环境中进行先进机械测试的策略，无论是在体外还是体内。这篇综述文章扩展了 TNTs 植入技术领域的现有知识，并将有助于更好地理解有助于制造能够承受与植入手术放置相关的力以及在骨/植入物界面处承受的负荷的机械坚固的纳米工程植入物的基本参数。
