Kocira Sławomir, Szparaga Agnieszka, Kocira Anna, Czerwińska Ewa, Wójtowicz Agnieszka, Bronowicka-Mielniczuk Urszula, Koszel Milan, Findura Pavol
Department of Machinery Exploitation and Production Process Management, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Agrobiotechnology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Mar 27;9:388. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00388. eCollection 2018.
In recent years, attempts have been made to use preparations that allow obtaining high and good quality yields, while reducing the application of pesticides and mineral fertilizers. These include biostimulants that are safe for the natural environment and contribute to the improvement of yield size and quality, especially after the occurrence of stressors. Their use is advisable in the case of crops sensitive to such biotic stress factors like low temperatures or drought. One of these is soybean which is a very important plant from the economic viewpoint. Field experiments were established in the years 2014-2016 in a random block design in four replicates on experimental plots of 10 m. Three soybean cultivars: Annushka, Mavka, and Atlanta were planted in the third decade of April. Fylloton biostimulant was used at 0.7% or 1% concentrations as single spraying (BBCH 13-15) or double spraying (BBCH 13-15, BBCH 61) in the vegetation period. The number of seeds per 1 m, seed yield, thousand seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of nodes in the main shoot, height of plants, and protein and fat contents in seeds were determined. The content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and antioxidant effect of soybean seeds were assayed as well. Foliar treatment of soybean with Fylloton stimulated the growth and yield of plants without compromising their nutritional and nutraceutical properties. The double application of the higher concentration of Fylloton was favorable for the plant height, seed number and soybean yield. Moreover, the highest number of pods was obtained after single treatment of plants with the lower biostimulant concentration. There was also a positive effect of using this biostimulant on the content and activity of some bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and flavonoids, and on the reducing power.
近年来，人们尝试使用能够在减少农药和矿物肥料施用量的同时获得高产且优质产量的制剂。这些制剂包括对自然环境安全且有助于提高产量规模和质量的生物刺激素，尤其是在应激源出现之后。对于对低温或干旱等生物胁迫因素敏感的作物，建议使用它们。大豆就是其中之一，从经济角度来看它是一种非常重要的植物。2014年至2016年，在10米的试验地块上采用随机区组设计进行了四次重复的田间试验。4月下旬种植了三个大豆品种：安努什卡、马夫卡和亚特兰大。在植被期，分别以0.7%或1%的浓度将菲洛通生物刺激素作为单次喷施（BBCH 13 - 15）或两次喷施（BBCH 13 - 15，BBCH 61）使用。测定了每1平方米的种子数、种子产量、千粒重、单株荚数、主茎节数、株高以及种子中的蛋白质和脂肪含量。还测定了大豆种子中酚类化合物的含量、抗氧化能力和抗氧化效果。用菲洛通对大豆进行叶面处理刺激了植株的生长和产量，同时不影响其营养和营养保健特性。较高浓度的菲洛通进行两次施用对株高、种子数和大豆产量有利。此外，用较低浓度的生物刺激素单次处理植株后获得的荚数最多。使用这种生物刺激素对某些生物活性化合物（如酚类和黄酮类）的含量和活性以及还原能力也有积极影响。
