Beerendrakumar Niraj, Ramamoorthy Lakshmi, Haridasan Satish
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, JIPMER, Puducherry-06, India.
Department of Nephrology, JIPMER, Puducherry-06, India.
J Caring Sci. 2018 Mar 1;7(1):17-20. doi: 10.15171/jcs.2018.003. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) needs to modify their lifestyle chiefly focusing on diet and fluid intake as the prognosis of these patients largely depends on adherence to the recommended nutritional regime. Non adherence to the suggested diet and fluids regime leads to rapid worsening of the condition. Cross sectional survey was conducted to determine the level of adherence to the dietary and fluids restriction among CKD patients. Inclusion criteria's was, age between 18- 65 years, patients with CKD for at least 6 months and received dietary counseling. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select 100 patients. Data was collected with self-reported Dialysis Diet and Fluid non adherence Questionnaire (DDFQ). Majority (73%) of the subjects was males, 64% belongs to 40-60 years age, majority of them were unemployed. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 20.52 kg/m, the mean duration of the treatment is 2.15 years and mean fluid intake was 2153ml ml/day and inter-dialytic weight gain was 1.48 kg. Regarding adherence, 20% of them had mild deviation and 69% of them had moderate deviation from dietary restrictions and similarly 69 % of the participants had moderate deviation, and 22% of them had mild deviation from fluid restriction guidelines. Low level of adherence to fluid and diet restrictions was noted in illiterate patients which was significant P<0.05. In spite of the dietary counseling, considerable proportions of the patients were non adherent to the diet and fluid restrictions which necessitate regular counseling to patient and family members.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者需要改变生活方式，主要集中在饮食和液体摄入量上，因为这些患者的预后很大程度上取决于是否坚持推荐的营养方案。不遵守建议的饮食和液体方案会导致病情迅速恶化。进行了横断面调查，以确定CKD患者对饮食和液体限制的遵守程度。纳入标准为年龄在18至65岁之间、患有CKD至少6个月且接受过饮食咨询的患者。采用连续抽样技术选取100名患者。通过自我报告的透析饮食和液体不遵守问卷（DDFQ）收集数据。大多数（73%）受试者为男性，64%属于40至60岁年龄段，他们中的大多数人失业。平均体重指数（BMI）为20.52kg/m，平均治疗时长为2.15年，平均液体摄入量为2153ml/天，透析间期体重增加为1.48kg。关于遵守情况，20%的人在饮食限制方面有轻度偏差，69%的人有中度偏差；同样，69%的参与者有中度偏差，22%的人在液体限制指南方面有轻度偏差。在文盲患者中，对液体和饮食限制的遵守程度较低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。尽管进行了饮食咨询，但仍有相当比例的患者不遵守饮食和液体限制，这就需要对患者及其家属进行定期咨询。
