Sanghani-Kerai Anita, McCreary Dara, Lancashire Henry, Osagie Liza, Coathup Melanie, Blunn Gordon
Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP, United Kingdom.
University of Portsmouth, School of Pharmacy and BMC, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, United Kingdom.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2018;13(5):369-377. doi: 10.2174/1574888X13666180410160511.
With the ageing population, musculoskeletal conditions are becoming more inherent. Delayed union is defined as a slower than normal fracture healing response, with no healing after 4 to 6 months; however, the union is anticipated given sufficient time. In the context of delayed/non-union, fragility fractures in osteoporotic populations carry significant patient morbidity and socioeconomic costs. Multiple mechanisms hinder fracture healing in osteoporotic patients, imbalanced bone remodelling leads to impaired bone microarchitecture due to reduced osteoblast number and activity and as such, callus formation is diminished. Since stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into various tissue lineages, they are becoming very popular in tissue regeneration in musculoskeletal conditions. In this review, we discuss the role of stem cells in physiological fracture healing and their potential therapeutic use following a fracture. We explore the potential of stem cells, the release of chemokines and cytokines to reduce fracture risk in osteoporosis.
随着人口老龄化，肌肉骨骼疾病越来越普遍。骨折延迟愈合被定义为骨折愈合反应比正常情况慢，在4至6个月后仍未愈合；然而，只要有足够的时间，骨折仍有望愈合。在延迟愈合/不愈合的情况下，骨质疏松人群的脆性骨折会给患者带来严重的发病率，并产生社会经济成本。多种机制阻碍骨质疏松患者的骨折愈合，由于成骨细胞数量和活性减少，骨重塑失衡导致骨微结构受损，从而使骨痂形成减少。由于干细胞能够自我更新并分化为各种组织谱系，它们在肌肉骨骼疾病的组织再生中变得非常受欢迎。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了干细胞在生理性骨折愈合中的作用以及它们在骨折后潜在的治疗用途。我们探讨了干细胞、趋化因子和细胞因子的释放以降低骨质疏松症骨折风险的潜力。
