Reis Carmelia Matos Santiago, Reis-Filho Eugenio Galdino de Mendonça
Dermatology Service. Laboratory of Medical Mycology of the University Hospital of Brasilia - University of Brasilia (HUB-UnB) - Brasilia (FD), Brazil.
Dermatologic Surgery Clinic and Vitiligo Clinic of the Regional Hospital of Asa Norte (HRAN) - Brasília (FD), Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2018 Jan-Feb;93(1):8-18. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187075.
Mycetoma is a chronic suppurative disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by a symptomatic triad: tumor, fistulas and grains. It can be caused by fungi (eumycetoma) and bacteria (actinomycetoma), with similar clinical features. Diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and identification of the etiological agents in the tissue, by mycological/bacteriological, histopathological and immunohistochemical tests. It is important to specify the fungal or bacterial etiology, because the treatments are different. An approach that involves early diagnosis, the use of systemic antibiotics or antifungal agents, including surgical removal of lesions, is the basis for the treatment of these diseases. In this review, the most commonly used diagnostic methods and treatments will be discussed. Also, we will review the history of the disease through epidemiological and etiological aspects.
足菌肿是一种皮肤和皮下组织的慢性化脓性疾病，其特征为三联征：肿瘤、瘘管和颗粒。它可由真菌（真菌性足菌肿）和细菌（放线菌性足菌肿）引起，临床特征相似。诊断基于临床表现以及通过真菌学/细菌学、组织病理学和免疫组织化学检测在组织中鉴定病原体。明确真菌或细菌病因很重要，因为治疗方法不同。早期诊断、使用全身抗生素或抗真菌药物（包括手术切除病变）的方法是这些疾病治疗的基础。在本综述中，将讨论最常用的诊断方法和治疗方法。此外，我们将从流行病学和病因学方面回顾该疾病的历史。
