益生菌和低聚木糖添加对断奶仔猪营养物质消化率、肠道健康及有害气体排放的影响
Effect of probiotics and xylo-oligosaccharide supplementation on nutrient digestibility, intestinal health and noxious gas emission in weanling pigs.
作者信息
Liu J B, Cao S C, Liu J, Xie Y N, Zhang H F
机构信息
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
出版信息
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2018 Oct;31(10):1660-1669. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0908. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium) and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, intestinal health, fecal microbiota and noxious gas emission in weanling pigs.
METHODS
A total of 240 weanling pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of 6.3±0.15 kg were used in this 28-day trial. Pigs were randomly allocated in 1 of the following 4 dietary treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of probiotics (0 and 500 mg/kg probiotics) and XOS (0 and 200 mg/kg XOS) based on the BW and sex.
RESULTS
Administration of probiotics or XOS improved average daily gain (p<0.05) during 0 to 14 d and the overall period, while pigs that were treated with XOS had a greater average daily gain and feed efficiency (p<0.05) compared with unsupplemented treatments throughout 15 to 28 d and the whole experiment. Either probiotics or XOS treatments increased the apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients (p<0.05) during 0 to 14 d. No effects on serum profiles were observed among treatments. The XOS increased villus height: crypt depth ratio in jejunum (p<0.05). The supplementation of probiotics (500 mg/kg) or XOS (200 mg/kg) alone improved the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen and gross energy on d 14, the activity of trypsin and decreased fecal NH3 concentration (p<0.05). Administration of XOS decreased fecal Escherichia coli counts (p<0.05), while increased lactobacilli (p<0.05) on d 14. There was no interaction between dietary supplementation of probiotics and XOS.
CONCLUSION
Inclusion of XOS at 200 mg/kg or probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium) at 500 mg/kg in diets containing no antibiotics significantly improved the growth performance of weanling pigs. Once XOS is supplemented, further providing of probiotics is not needed since it exerts little additional effects.
目的
本研究旨在评估添加益生菌（枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌）和低聚木糖（XOS）对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清指标、肠道健康、粪便微生物群及有害气体排放的影响。
方法
本为期28天的试验共选用240头平均体重（BW）为6.3±0.15千克的断奶仔猪（[约克夏×长白]×杜洛克）。根据体重和性别，将仔猪按2×2析因设计随机分为以下4种日粮处理组之一，分别添加2种水平的益生菌（0和500毫克/千克益生菌）和XOS（0和200毫克/千克XOS）。
结果
在0至14天及整个试验期内，添加益生菌或XOS可提高平均日增重（p<0.05），而在15至28天及整个试验期内，添加XOS的仔猪平均日增重和饲料效率更高（p<0.05）。在0至14天内，益生菌或XOS处理均可提高养分的表观全肠道消化率（p<0.05）。各处理组间血清指标无显著差异。XOS可提高空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比（p<0.05）。单独添加益生菌（500毫克/千克）或XOS（200毫克/千克）可提高第14天干物质、氮和总能的表观全肠道消化率，提高胰蛋白酶活性并降低粪便氨浓度（p<0.05）。添加XOS可降低第14天粪便大肠杆菌数量（p<0.05），同时增加乳酸杆菌数量（p<0.05）。日粮中添加益生菌和XOS之间无交互作用。
结论
在不含抗生素的日粮中添加200毫克/千克XOS或500毫克/千克益生菌（枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌）可显著提高断奶仔猪的生长性能。一旦添加了XOS，无需进一步添加益生菌，因为其额外效果甚微。
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