Liu Nian, Shen Haibo, Zhang Fan, Liu Xiang, Xiao Qinrui, Jiang Qian, Tan Bie, Ma Xiaokang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Anim Nutr. 2023 Feb 17;13:206-215. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.002. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Oligosaccharides are low molecular weight carbohydrates between monosaccharides and polysaccharides, which consist of 2 to 20 monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. They have the effects of promoting growth, regulating immunity, improving the structure of intestinal flora, and are anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. With the comprehensive implementation of the antibiotic prohibition policy in China, oligosaccharides as new green feed additive have been paid more attention. Oligosaccharides can be divided into the following 2 categories according to their digestive characteristics: one is easy to be absorbed by the intestine, called common oligosaccharides, such as sucrose and maltose oligosaccharide; the other is difficult to be absorbed by the intestine and has special physiological functions, called functional oligosaccharides. The common functional oligosaccharides include mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and so on. In this paper, we review the types and sources of functional oligosaccharides, their application in pig nutrition, and the factors limiting their efficacy in recent years. This review provides the theoretical basis for further research of functional oligosaccharides, and the future application of alternative antibiotics in pig industry.
寡糖是介于单糖和多糖之间的低分子量碳水化合物，由2至20个通过糖苷键连接的单糖组成。它们具有促进生长、调节免疫、改善肠道菌群结构的作用，并且具有抗炎和抗氧化作用。随着我国全面实施禁抗政策，寡糖作为新型绿色饲料添加剂受到了更多关注。寡糖根据其消化特性可分为以下两类：一类是易于被肠道吸收的，称为普通寡糖，如蔗糖和麦芽寡糖；另一类是难以被肠道吸收但具有特殊生理功能的，称为功能性寡糖。常见的功能性寡糖包括甘露寡糖（MOS）、低聚果糖（FOS）、壳寡糖（COS）、木寡糖（XOS）等。本文综述了功能性寡糖的种类和来源、它们在猪营养中的应用以及近年来限制其功效的因素。这篇综述为功能性寡糖的进一步研究以及替代抗生素在养猪业中的未来应用提供了理论依据。
