Centre for Global Health and Human Development, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
Environmental Intervention Unit, Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Proc Biol Sci. 2018 Apr 11;285(1876). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0332.
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is recognized as a One Health challenge because of the rapid emergence and dissemination of resistant bacteria and genes among humans, animals and the environment on a global scale. However, there is a paucity of research assessing ABR contemporaneously in humans, animals and the environment in low-resource settings. This critical review seeks to identify the extent of One Health research on ABR in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Existing research has highlighted hotspots for environmental contamination; food-animal production systems that are likely to harbour reservoirs or promote transmission of ABR as well as high and increasing human rates of colonization with ABR commensal bacteria such as However, very few studies have integrated all three components of the One Health spectrum to understand the dynamics of transmission and the prevalence of community-acquired resistance in humans and animals. Microbiological, epidemiological and social science research is needed at community and population levels across the One Health spectrum in order to fill the large gaps in knowledge of ABR in low-resource settings.
抗生素耐药性（ABR）被认为是一个全健康挑战，因为耐药细菌和基因在全球范围内在人类、动物和环境中迅速出现和传播。然而，在资源匮乏的环境中，同时评估人类、动物和环境中 ABR 的研究很少。本批判性评论旨在确定在中低收入国家（LMICs）开展的关于 ABR 的全健康研究的程度。现有研究强调了环境污染的热点；可能存在耐药菌储库或促进其传播的食源动物生产系统，以及人类中携带 ABR 共生菌（如 ）的定植率较高且不断上升。然而，很少有研究将全健康谱的所有三个组成部分整合起来，以了解传播的动态和人类和动物中社区获得性耐药的流行率。需要在全健康谱的社区和人群层面开展微生物学、流行病学和社会科学研究，以填补资源匮乏环境中对 ABR 认识的巨大空白。
