Moskaluk Alexandra E, Stuckey Matthew J, Jaffe David A, Kasten Rickie W, Aguilar-Setién Alvaro, Olave-Leyva José Ignacio, Galvez-Romero Guillermo, Obregón-Morales Cirani, Salas-Rojas Mónica, García-Flores María Martha, Aréchiga-Ceballos Nidia, García-Baltazar Anahí, Chomel Bruno B
1 Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California , Davis, Davis, California.
2 Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias , Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo, Mexico .
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2018 May;18(5):258-265. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2017.2213. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Bartonellae are emerging blood-borne bacteria that have been recovered from a wide range of mammalian species and arthropod vectors around the world. Bats are now recognized as a potential wildlife reservoir for a diverse number of Bartonella species, including the zoonotic Candidatus B. mayotimonensis. These bat-borne Bartonella species have also been detected in the obligate ectoparasites of bats, such as blood-feeding flies, which could transmit these bacteria within bat populations. To better understand this potential for transmission, we investigated the relatedness between Bartonella detected or isolated from bat hosts sampled in Mexico and their ectoparasites. Bartonella spp. were identified in bat flies collected on two bat species, with the highest prevalence in Trichobius parasiticus and Strebla wiedemanni collected from common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). When comparing Bartonella sequences from a fragment of the citrate synthase gene (gltA), vector-associated strains were diverse and generally close to, but distinct from, those recovered from their bacteremic bat hosts in Mexico. Complete Bartonella sequence concordance was observed in only one bat-vector pair. The diversity of Bartonella strains in bat flies reflects the frequent host switch by bat flies, as they usually do not live permanently on their bat host. It may also suggest a possible endosymbiotic relationship with these vectors for some of the Bartonella species carried by bat flies, whereas others could have a mammalian host.
巴尔通体是一种新出现的血源性病原体，已在世界各地的多种哺乳动物和节肢动物媒介中被发现。蝙蝠现在被认为是多种巴尔通体物种的潜在野生动物宿主，包括人畜共患的“暂定巴尔通体mayotimonensis”。在蝙蝠的专性体外寄生虫中也检测到了这些蝙蝠携带的巴尔通体物种，如吸血蝇，它们可以在蝙蝠种群中传播这些细菌。为了更好地了解这种传播可能性，我们研究了从墨西哥采集的蝙蝠宿主及其体外寄生虫中检测到或分离出的巴尔通体之间的亲缘关系。在从两种蝙蝠身上采集的蝙蝠蝇中鉴定出了巴尔通体属，在从普通吸血蝙蝠（Desmodus rotundus）采集的寄生毛蠓和维氏蝠蚤中患病率最高。当比较柠檬酸合酶基因（gltA）片段的巴尔通体序列时，与媒介相关的菌株具有多样性，通常与从墨西哥的菌血症蝙蝠宿主中分离出的菌株接近但不同。仅在一对蝙蝠-媒介中观察到完全一致的巴尔通体序列。蝙蝠蝇中巴尔通体菌株的多样性反映了蝙蝠蝇频繁更换宿主，因为它们通常不会永久生活在蝙蝠宿主身上。这也可能表明，对于蝙蝠蝇携带的一些巴尔通体物种来说，它们与这些媒介可能存在内共生关系，而其他一些物种可能有哺乳动物宿主。
