Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
World Neurosurg. 2018 Jul;115:110-127. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.03.218. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Intraoperative neurosurgical histopathologic diagnoses rely on evaluation of rapid tissue preparations such as frozen sections and smears with conventional light microscopy. Although useful, these techniques are time consuming and therefore cannot provide real-time intraoperative feedback. In vivo molecular imaging techniques are emerging as novel methods for generating real-time diagnostic histopathologic images of tumors and their surrounding tissues. These imaging techniques rely on contrast generated by exogenous fluorescent dyes, autofluorescence of endogenous molecules, fluorescence decay of excited molecules, or light scattering. Large molecular imaging instruments are being miniaturized for clinical in vivo use. This review discusses pertinent imaging systems that have been developed for neurosurgical use and imaging techniques currently under development for neurosurgical molecular imaging.
术中神经外科组织病理学诊断依赖于快速组织制备的评估，如冷冻切片和常规显微镜下的涂片。虽然这些技术很有用，但它们耗时较长，因此无法提供实时的术中反馈。体内分子成像技术作为一种新的方法，正在出现，可以实时生成肿瘤及其周围组织的诊断组织病理学图像。这些成像技术依赖于外源性荧光染料产生的对比、内源性分子的自发荧光、激发分子的荧光衰减或光散射。大型分子成像仪器正在为临床体内使用而小型化。这篇综述讨论了为神经外科应用而开发的相关成像系统以及目前正在开发的神经外科分子成像的成像技术。
