Institute of Bioproduct Development, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Adv Clin Chem. 2018;85:31-69. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2018.02.002. Epub 2018 Mar 8.
Ischemic stroke is a sudden loss of brain function due to the reduction of blood flow. Brain tissues cease to function with subsequent activation of the ischemic cascade. Metabolomics and lipidomics are modern disciplines that characterize the metabolites and lipid components of a biological system, respectively. Because the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is heterogeneous and multifactorial, it is crucial to establish comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic approaches to elucidate these alterations in this disease. Fortunately, metabolomic and lipidomic studies have the distinct advantages of identifying tissue/mechanism-specific biomarkers, predicting treatment and clinical outcome, and improving our understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of disease states. Therefore, recent applications of these analytical approaches in the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke were discussed. In addition, the emerging roles of metabolomics and lipidomics on ischemic stroke were summarized, in order to gain new insights into the mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke and in the search for novel metabolite biomarkers and their related pathways.
缺血性脑卒中是由于血流减少导致的突发性脑功能丧失。随着缺血级联反应的激活，脑组织停止运作。代谢组学和脂质组学是分别描述生物系统代谢物和脂质成分的现代学科。由于缺血性脑卒中的发病机制具有异质性和多因素的特点，因此建立全面的代谢组学和脂质组学方法来阐明这种疾病的变化至关重要。幸运的是，代谢组学和脂质组学研究具有明显的优势，可以识别组织/机制特异性生物标志物，预测治疗和临床结局，并加深我们对疾病状态病理生理基础的理解。因此，本文讨论了这些分析方法在缺血性脑卒中早期诊断中的最新应用。此外，还总结了代谢组学和脂质组学在缺血性脑卒中方面的新兴作用，以期深入了解缺血性脑卒中的发病机制，并寻找新的代谢物生物标志物及其相关途径。
