Yaghubi Mehdi, Zargar Fatemeh, Akbari Hossein
Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Assistant Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center AND Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Addict Health. 2017 Jul;9(3):156-165.
Impulsivity is one of the causes of relapse that can affect treatment outcomes. Studies have shown that addiction treatments can reduce impulsivity in drug-dependent individuals. Studies also have suggested that mindfulness is associated with impulsivity. However, no study has investigated the effectiveness of the mindfulness-based intervention on impulsivity in opioid-dependent individuals. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) with treatment as usual (TAU) in terms of impulsivity and relapse for methadone-treated patients.
The present randomized controlled clinical trial was performed in Kashan, Iran, in 2015. The study population was opioid-dependent patients referred to Maintenance Treatment Centers. Seventy patients were selected by random sampling and were assigned in two groups (MBRP and TAU) randomly. The participants of two groups filled out Barratt impulsivity scale (BIS-11) as a pre-test and 8 weeks later as post-test and 2 months later as a follow-up. Both groups received methadone-therapy. The MBRP group received 8 sessions of group therapy, while the control group did not receive any group psychotherapy session. Finally, data from 60 patients were analyzed statistically.
The MBRP group had decreased impulsivity significantly (P < 0.001). The mean impulsivity score was 74.76 ± 4.72 before intervention that was significantly decreased to 57.66 ± 3.73 and 58.86 ± 3.57 after the intervention and follow-up (P < 0.001), respectively. In addition, significant differences were observed between MBRP and TAU groups for relapse frequency (P < 0.050).
This study showed that MBRP compared to TAU can decrease the mean impulsivity score in opioid-dependent and reduce relapse probability. These findings suggest that MBRP is useful for opioid-dependent individuals with high-level impulsivity, and relapse prevention.
冲动性是导致复发的原因之一，会影响治疗效果。研究表明，成瘾治疗可以降低药物依赖个体的冲动性。研究还表明，正念与冲动性有关。然而，尚无研究调查基于正念的干预对阿片类药物依赖个体冲动性的有效性。本研究旨在比较基于正念的预防复发疗法（MBRP）与常规治疗（TAU）在美沙酮治疗患者的冲动性和复发方面的有效性。
本随机对照临床试验于2015年在伊朗卡尚进行。研究人群为转至维持治疗中心的阿片类药物依赖患者。通过随机抽样选择70名患者，并随机分为两组（MBRP组和TAU组）。两组参与者在干预前、干预8周后和随访2个月时填写巴拉特冲动性量表（BIS-11）。两组均接受美沙酮治疗。MBRP组接受8次团体治疗，而对照组未接受任何团体心理治疗。最后，对60名患者的数据进行统计学分析。
MBRP组的冲动性显著降低（P < 0.001）。干预前平均冲动性评分为74.76 ± 4.72，干预后和随访后分别显著降至57.66 ± 3.73和58.86 ± 3.57（P < 0.001）。此外，MBRP组和TAU组在复发频率方面存在显著差异（P < 0.050）。
本研究表明，与TAU相比，MBRP可以降低阿片类药物依赖者的平均冲动性评分并降低复发概率。这些发现表明，MBRP对冲动性水平较高的阿片类药物依赖个体和预防复发有用。
