Vargas Roger I, Piñero Jaime C, Miller Neil W
U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI.
Lincoln University, Cooperative Research and Extension, Jefferson City, MO.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 May 28;111(3):1318-1322. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy092.
Foraging behavior of wild female melon fly, Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) cucurbitae Coquillett, a worldwide pest of economically important cucurbit crops, was examined through mark and recapture studies in both wild (Kona: dominated by the invasive weed ivy gourd, Coccinea grandis [L.] Voigt [Cucurbitaceae]), and cultivated (Kapoho: dominated by papaya, Carica papaya L. [Caricaceae] orchards) habitats on Hawaii Island. In particular, the extent to which wild melon flies and color-marked F2 females responded to cucumber odor and Solulys yeast hydrolysate laced with ammonium acetate (1%, wt/vol) according to sexual maturity stage and degree of protein hunger was documented. Kona results indicated that more wild and color-marked F2 females responded to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. [Cucurbitaceae]) odor than to protein odor with the exception of captured wild flies without eggs, which responded similarly to protein bait and cucumber odor. Results with captured wild females and color-marked F2 females in Kapoho suggested a significant preference for cucumber odor over protein odor regardless of whether or not they had eggs in their ovaries with the exception of protein-deprived color-marked F2 females, which responded to both odors in equal numbers. Implications of these new findings based on wild melon flies in natural habitats are discussed with respect to integrated pest management control strategies with protein bait sprays used in Hawaii. The possibility of adding cucurbit volatiles to protein-based baits is discussed.
瓜实蝇（Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) cucurbitae Coquillett）是一种对经济上重要的葫芦科作物造成全球性危害的害虫，本文通过标记重捕研究，对野生雌性瓜实蝇在夏威夷岛野生（科纳：以入侵杂草栝楼（Coccinea grandis [L.] Voigt [葫芦科]）为主）和人工种植（卡波霍：以番木瓜（Carica papaya L. [番木瓜科]）果园为主）栖息地的觅食行为进行了研究。具体而言，记录了野生瓜实蝇和有颜色标记的F2代雌性瓜实蝇根据性成熟阶段和蛋白质饥饿程度对黄瓜气味以及添加了醋酸铵（1%，重量/体积）的Solulys酵母水解物的反应情况。科纳的研究结果表明，除了未产卵的捕获野生果蝇对蛋白质诱饵和黄瓜气味反应相似外，更多的野生和有颜色标记的F2代雌性瓜实蝇对黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L. [葫芦科]）气味的反应比对蛋白质气味的反应更强烈。在卡波霍捕获的野生雌性瓜实蝇和有颜色标记的F2代雌性瓜实蝇的研究结果表明，无论卵巢中是否有卵，它们对黄瓜气味的偏好都显著高于蛋白质气味，但蛋白质缺乏的有颜色标记的F2代雌性瓜实蝇除外，它们对两种气味的反应数量相同。本文结合夏威夷使用蛋白质诱饵喷雾的害虫综合管理控制策略，讨论了基于自然栖息地中野生瓜实蝇的这些新发现的意义。还讨论了在基于蛋白质的诱饵中添加葫芦科挥发物的可能性。
