United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, Fukui University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka Japan; Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 269-0856, Japan; Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan; Department of Functional Brain Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 269-0856, Japan.
J Affect Disord. 2018 Aug 1;235:277-284. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.006. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
Men score higher on mental rotation tasks compared to women and suffer from depression and anxiety at half the rate of women. The objective of this study was to confirm the gender-specific effects of depression and anxiety on mental rotation performance.
We collected data in non-experimental conditions from 325 university students at three universities. Participants completed rating scales of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and then simultaneously performed a mental rotation task using tablet devices.
We observed no significant difference between men and women in the depressive and anxiety symptoms and task response time. Men had a significantly higher correct answer rate compared with women. The scores of depression and anxiety of all participants were positively correlated. Task response time correlated positively with intensity of depressive symptoms and anxiety in women, but not in men. Women with high depressive symptoms had significantly longer response times than did women with low depressive symptoms, while men had no differences due to depressive symptoms.
We did not directly examine brain functions; therefore, the underlying neurobiological results are only based on previous knowledge and action data.
The pathology of depression and anxiety was reflected in the correct answer rate and response time in relation to the gender difference of brain function used in mental rotation.
男性在心理旋转任务上的得分高于女性，且患抑郁症和焦虑症的比例比女性低一半。本研究的目的是确认抑郁和焦虑对心理旋转表现的性别特异性影响。
我们在三个大学的非实验条件下收集了 325 名大学生的数据。参与者完成了抑郁和焦虑症状的评定量表，然后同时使用平板电脑设备完成心理旋转任务。
我们没有观察到男性和女性在抑郁和焦虑症状以及任务反应时间上的显著差异。男性的正确答案率明显高于女性。所有参与者的抑郁和焦虑评分呈正相关。女性的任务反应时间与抑郁症状和焦虑症状的强度呈正相关，但男性则没有这种相关性。抑郁症状高的女性的反应时间明显长于抑郁症状低的女性，而男性则没有因抑郁症状而产生差异。
我们没有直接检查大脑功能；因此，潜在的神经生物学结果仅基于先前的知识和行为数据。
抑郁和焦虑的病理变化反映在与心理旋转中大脑功能的性别差异相关的正确答案率和反应时间上。
