National Institute of Children's Diseases and Faculty of Medicine of Comenius University, Limbová 1, 833 40, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewiczova 1, 811 09, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Eur J Pediatr. 2018 Jun;177(6):945-953. doi: 10.1007/s00431-018-3137-7. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the prevalence and time trends of overweight/obesity in Slovak children by applying WHO, IOTF, and the national criteria; (2) to compare the prevalence between selected European countries; and (3) to evaluate the central obesity by the waist-to-height ratio. The survey was performed within the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative. The weight, height, waist, and hip were measured in 2795 children at the age of 7-7.99 years (50.1% boys; 55.5% in rural areas). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was determined using the LMS Growth. In boys, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 17.1/14.9% according to WHO, 13.8/8.8% according to IOTF, and 9.9/8.8% according to the national criteria. Among girls, the prevalence reached 15.1/11.1%, 12.6/8.1%, and 7.5/9.5%, respectively. These rates corresponded to the average of the European countries. Central obesity was identified in 76.9% of overweight/obese, but also in 5.9% normal-weight subjects.
While overweight has increased by 3% the prevalence of obesity has doubled since 2001. The rise culminated approximately 6 years ago and has not increased since then. The body constitution differences should be considered when comparing the prevalence of overweight/obesity between populations and/or individuals. What is Known: • Knowledge of the prevalence of overweight/obesity is seminal for effective implementation of programs focusing on the reduction of incidence and prevalence of obesity in early childhood. What is New: • The most numerous and representative study on the prevalence of overweight/obesity in 7-year-old children involving 2795 (5%) of peers living in Slovakia. • The prevalence of obesity in Slovakia falls within the range of average rate of the European countries. Central obesity was identified in almost 20% subjects.
本研究旨在（1）通过应用世界卫生组织（WHO）、国际肥胖工作组（IOTF）和国家标准评估斯洛伐克儿童超重/肥胖的流行率和时间趋势；（2）比较选定欧洲国家之间的流行率；（3）通过腰围与身高比评估中心性肥胖。该调查是在世界卫生组织欧洲儿童肥胖监测倡议框架内进行的。在 2795 名 7-7.99 岁儿童（50.1%为男孩；55.5%来自农村地区）中测量体重、身高、腰围和臀围。超重/肥胖的患病率采用 LMS 生长法确定。在男孩中，根据 WHO 标准，超重/肥胖的患病率为 17.1/14.9%，根据 IOTF 标准为 13.8/8.8%，根据国家标准为 9.9/8.8%。在女孩中，相应的患病率分别达到 15.1/11.1%、12.6/8.1%和 7.5/9.5%。这些比率与欧洲国家的平均值相对应。在超重/肥胖者中，有 76.9%存在中心性肥胖，但在 5.9%的正常体重者中也存在中心性肥胖。
虽然超重率增加了 3%，但肥胖率自 2001 年以来翻了一番。这一增长在大约 6 年前达到顶峰，此后并未再增加。在比较不同人群和/或个体之间超重/肥胖的流行率时，应考虑体质差异。
•了解超重/肥胖的流行率对于有效实施旨在降低儿童早期肥胖发病率和患病率的项目至关重要。
•这是关于斯洛伐克 7 岁儿童超重/肥胖流行率的最广泛和最具代表性的研究，涉及 2795 名（占 5%）居住在斯洛伐克的同龄儿童。•斯洛伐克的肥胖流行率处于欧洲国家平均水平范围内。近 20%的受检者存在中心性肥胖。
