Tissue Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India.
Advanced Textile and Polymer Research Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2018 Jun;16(3):224-235. doi: 10.1007/s11914-018-0436-x.
Lack of vascularity in the human knee meniscus often leads to surgical removal (total or partial meniscectomy) in the case of severe meniscal damage. However, complete recovery is in question after such removal as the meniscus plays an important role in knee stability. Thus, meniscus tissue regeneration strategies are of intense research interest in recent years.
The structural complexity and inhomogeneity of the meniscus have been addressed with processing technologies for precisely controlled three dimensional (3D) complex porous scaffold architectures, the use of biomolecules and nanomaterials. The regeneration and replacement of the total meniscus have been studied by the orthopedic and scientific communities via successful pre-clinical trials towards mimicking the biomechanical properties of the human knee meniscus. Researchers have attempted different regeneration strategies which contribute to in vitro regeneration and are capable of repairing meniscal tears to some extent. This review discusses the present state of the art of these meniscus tissue engineering aspects.
人类膝关节半月板的血管不足常常导致在半月板严重损伤的情况下进行手术切除（半月板全切或部分切除）。然而，在进行这种切除后，半月板的完整性可能受到影响，因为半月板在膝关节稳定性中起着重要作用。因此，近年来，半月板组织再生策略受到了强烈的研究关注。
通过用于精确控制三维（3D）复杂多孔支架结构的加工技术、生物分子和纳米材料的使用，已经解决了半月板的结构复杂性和非均质性问题。矫形和科学界通过成功的临床前试验，对整个半月板的再生和替代进行了研究，以模拟人类膝关节半月板的生物力学特性。研究人员尝试了不同的再生策略，这些策略有助于体外再生，并在一定程度上能够修复半月板撕裂。本综述讨论了这些半月板组织工程方面的最新进展。
