Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW 2305, Australia.
Nutr Res. 2018 Mar;51:12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.12.007. Epub 2017 Dec 24.
Diabetes affects 9.8% of Australian women. Breakfast cereal consumption is potentially protective against diabetes. This study investigated the effects of breakfast cereal consumption on the 12-year risk of developing diabetes among mid-aged participants of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health (ALSWH). It was hypothesized that any breakfast cereal and higher-fiber breakfast cereals would be protective against the risk of developing diabetes. Data from Survey 3 (S3) to Survey 7 (S7) inclusive, from the 1946-51 ALSWH cohort were analyzed. Dietary data were obtained at S3 and the outcome was incident diabetes between S4-S7. Women were excluded if: they reported existing diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance at S3; dietary data were incomplete; or daily energy intake was <4,500 or >20,000 kJ. Logistic regression with discrete time survival analyses investigated the association between breakfast cereal intake and incident diabetes. Models were adjusted for income, BMI, smoking, physical activity, education, and dietary intakes and included a measure of time. There were 637 incident cases of diabetes. Breakfast cereal intake per se was not associated with incident diabetes (OR: 1.00; P = .98). Muesli consumption on its own (OR: 0.74; P = .00) or as a part of oats-based cereal (OR: 0.84; P = .047) was significantly associated with a decrease in the odds of developing diabetes. No other breakfast cereals were significantly associated with diabetes risk. Among mid-aged Australian women, muesli consumption was associated with a reduction in diabetes risk. This effect may be due to a particular profile of muesli eaters, but the relationship warrants further investigation.
糖尿病影响了 9.8%的澳大利亚女性。早餐谷类食品的消费可能对预防糖尿病有保护作用。本研究调查了早餐谷类食品消费对澳大利亚女性健康纵向研究（ALSWH）中年参与者 12 年内发生糖尿病的风险的影响。研究假设任何早餐谷类食品和高纤维早餐谷类食品都能预防糖尿病的风险。分析了 1946-51 年 ALSWH 队列的第 3 次调查（S3）至第 7 次调查（S7）的数据。排除了以下人群：在 S3 时报告患有糖尿病或糖耐量受损；饮食数据不完整；或每日能量摄入<4500 或>20000kJ。使用离散时间生存分析的逻辑回归调查了早餐谷类食品摄入量与新发糖尿病之间的关系。模型调整了收入、BMI、吸烟、体力活动、教育和饮食摄入，并包括时间测量。共有 637 例新发糖尿病病例。单独摄入早餐谷类食品与新发糖尿病无关（OR：1.00；P=0.98）。单独食用燕麦片（OR：0.74；P=0.00）或作为燕麦片基谷类食品的一部分食用（OR：0.84；P=0.047）与降低患糖尿病的几率显著相关。其他早餐谷类食品与糖尿病风险无显著相关性。在澳大利亚中年女性中，食用燕麦片与降低糖尿病风险相关。这种效果可能是由于燕麦片食用者的特定特征，但这种关系需要进一步研究。
