Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
J Prosthodont Res. 2018 Oct;62(4):426-431. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.03.003. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
Studies have reported cases of metal allergy caused by titanium-containing materials. We wished to clarify the relationship between titanium allergy and dental implants by describing patients who suffered allergic symptoms after they had received such implants.
A total of 270 patients who visited a Dental Metal Allergy Clinic at Tokushima University Hospital from April 2010 to March 2014 were the study cohort. Patch testing with 28 types of metal allergens (including four titanium allergens) was undertaken for patients.
A total of 217 patients (80.4 %) exhibited allergy-positive reactions to at least one type of metal allergen. Mercury, palladium, chromium and nickel exhibited a higher prevalence of allergy-positive reactions than other metals. Sixteen patients visited our clinic suffering allergic symptoms after receiving dental implants. Eleven of those patients exhibited allergy-positive reactions for any of the metal allergens, and 4 of these patients had allergy-positive reactions against titanium allergens. The total number of allergy-positive reactions for titanium allergens among all 270 patients was 17 (6.3 %). No patient exhibited a positive reaction only for the titanium allergen.
The prevalence of allergy-positive reactions for titanium allergens was lower than for other metal allergens. We suggest examination of pre-implant patients who have a history of hypersensitivity reactions to metals.
已有研究报告了含钛材料引起金属过敏的病例。我们希望通过描述在植入此类植入物后出现过敏症状的患者，阐明钛过敏与牙种植体之间的关系。
我们选取了 2010 年 4 月至 2014 年 3 月在德岛大学医院牙科金属过敏诊所就诊的 270 名患者作为研究对象。对这些患者采用 28 种金属过敏原（包括 4 种钛过敏原）进行斑贴试验。
共有 217 名患者（80.4%）对至少一种金属过敏原呈阳性过敏反应。汞、钯、铬和镍的阳性过敏反应发生率高于其他金属。16 名患者在植入牙种植体后因过敏症状就诊于我们的诊所。其中 11 名患者对任何一种金属过敏原均呈阳性过敏反应，其中 4 名患者对钛过敏原呈阳性过敏反应。在所有 270 名患者中，钛过敏原的阳性过敏反应总数为 17 例（6.3%）。没有患者仅对钛过敏原呈阳性反应。
钛过敏原的阳性过敏反应发生率低于其他金属过敏原。我们建议对有金属过敏史的植入前患者进行检查。
