Mendoza E J, Warner B, Safronetz D, Ranadheera C
Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2018 Aug;65(5):465-480. doi: 10.1111/zph.12469. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a widespread tick-borne viral zoonosis with a case-fatality rate ranging from 9% to 50% in humans. Although a licensed vaccine to prevent infection by the CCHF virus (CCHFV) exists, its ability to induce neutralizing antibodies is limited and its efficacy against CCHFV remains undetermined. In addition, controlling CCHF infections by eradication of the tick reservoir has been ineffective, both economically and logistically, and the treatment options for CCHF remain limited. In this review, we first critically discuss the existing animal models to evaluate therapeutics for CCHF. We then review the therapeutic options for CCHF that have been investigated in human cases, followed by investigational drugs that have been evaluated in pre-clinical studies. We highlight the importance of understanding human prognostic factors in developing an animal model for CCHF that recapitulates hallmarks of human disease and its implication for selecting therapeutic candidates.
克里米亚-刚果出血热（CCHF）是一种广泛传播的蜱传病毒性人畜共患病，人类病死率在9%至50%之间。尽管有一种预防克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒（CCHFV）感染的许可疫苗，但它诱导中和抗体的能力有限，其对CCHFV的疗效仍未确定。此外，通过消灭蜱虫宿主来控制CCHF感染在经济和后勤方面都没有效果，CCHF的治疗选择仍然有限。在本综述中，我们首先批判性地讨论现有的用于评估CCHF治疗方法的动物模型。然后我们回顾了在人类病例中研究过的CCHF治疗选择，接着是在临床前研究中评估过的研究性药物。我们强调了在开发一种概括人类疾病特征的CCHF动物模型时理解人类预后因素的重要性及其对选择治疗候选药物的意义。
