Institute of Marine Research (IMR), P.O. Box 1870 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
Nutrients. 2018 Apr 20;10(4):513. doi: 10.3390/nu10040513.
Iodine sufficiency is particularly important in pregnancy, where median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in the range of 150⁻250 µg/L indicates adequate iodine status. The aims of this study were to determine UIC and assess if dietary and maternal characteristics influence the iodine status in pregnant Norwegian women. The study comprises a cross-sectional population-based prospective cohort of pregnant women (Little in Norway (LiN)). Median UIC in 954 urine samples was 85 µg/L and 78.4% of the samples ( = 748) were ≤150 µg/L. 23.2% ( = 221) of the samples were ≤50 µg/L and 5.2% ( = 50) were above the requirements of iodine intake (>250 µg/L). Frequent iodine-supplement users ( = 144) had significantly higher UIC (120 µg/L) than non-frequent users (75 µg/L). Frequent milk and dairy product consumers (4⁻9 portions/day) had significantly higher UIC (99 µg/L) than women consuming 0⁻1 portion/day (57 µg/L) or 2⁻3 portions/day (83 µg/L). Women living in mid-Norway ( = 255) had lowest UIC (72 µg/L). In conclusion, this study shows that the diet of the pregnant women did not necessarily secure a sufficient iodine intake. There is an urgent need for public health strategies to secure adequate iodine nutrition among pregnant women in Norway.
碘充足对于孕妇尤为重要，孕妇尿碘中位数（UIC）在 150-250μg/L 之间表示碘营养状况充足。本研究旨在确定 UIC，并评估饮食和母体特征是否会影响挪威孕妇的碘营养状况。本研究包括一个基于人群的前瞻性队列研究，研究对象为孕妇（Little in Norway (LiN)）。954 份尿样的中位数 UIC 为 85μg/L，78.4%（=748）的样本UIC 值≤150μg/L。23.2%（=221）的样本UIC 值≤50μg/L，5.2%（=50）的样本UIC 值超过碘摄入需求（>250μg/L）。频繁服用碘补充剂的孕妇（=144）的 UIC（120μg/L）明显高于非频繁服用者（75μg/L）。经常食用牛奶和奶制品（4-9 份/天）的孕妇 UIC（99μg/L）明显高于每天食用 0-1 份（57μg/L）或 2-3 份（83μg/L）的孕妇。居住在挪威中部的孕妇 UIC 最低（=255），为 72μg/L。综上所述，本研究表明，孕妇的饮食不一定能确保摄入足够的碘。挪威急需制定公共卫生策略来确保孕妇的碘营养充足。
