State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2018 Aug;20(4):451-466. doi: 10.1007/s10126-018-9808-6. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Ivory shell, Babylonia areolata, is one of the commercially important mariculture species in China and South East Asia. Survival varies in the artificial hatching and larval rearing of B. areolata. Food deprivation may be involved in rearing mortality, and so, a better understanding of how larvae respond and adjust to starvation is needed. In this study, the metabolite profiles of newly hatched larvae with yolk (I), larvae with yolk exhaustion (II), larvae suffering 24 h starvation after yolk exhaustion (III), and larvae fed with exogenous nutrients after yolk exhaustion (IV) were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed differential abundance of metabolite profiles across groups. When compared to metabolite levels of the I group, significantly up-regulated metabolites included polyunsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleotide, amino acids, and their derivatives were found in the II group, indicating that organisms relied predominantly on glycerophospolipid metabolism and protein-based catabolism for energy production during this stage. During starvation after yolk exhaustion, the levels of all energy related metabolites were significantly reduced, but an increase in products of purine and pyrimidine metabolism indicated an insufficient energy supply and an increase in cellular disintegration. Larvae fed exogenous nutrients can have significantly improved metabolism compared to starved larvae. These findings suggest that metabolomics, using LC-MS/MS, can be used to assess the physiological status and food-affected metabolic changes affecting B. areolata larvae.
象牙贝，扁玉螺，是中国和东南亚重要的水产养殖物种之一。在人工孵化和幼虫养殖过程中，扁玉螺的存活率存在差异。食物剥夺可能与养殖死亡率有关，因此，需要更好地了解幼虫如何对饥饿做出反应和进行调整。在这项研究中，通过 LC-MS/MS 分析了刚孵化的带有卵黄的幼虫（I 期）、卵黄耗尽的幼虫（II 期）、卵黄耗尽后饥饿 24 小时的幼虫（III 期）和卵黄耗尽后喂食外源性营养物质的幼虫（IV 期）的代谢物图谱。主成分和聚类分析显示，各组之间的代谢物图谱存在差异。与 I 期的代谢物水平相比，II 期显著上调的代谢物包括多不饱和脂肪酸、磷脂、核苷酸、氨基酸及其衍生物，表明在此阶段，生物体主要依赖甘油磷脂代谢和蛋白质分解代谢来产生能量。卵黄耗尽后饥饿时，所有与能量相关的代谢物水平均显著降低，但嘌呤和嘧啶代谢产物的增加表明能量供应不足和细胞分解增加。与饥饿幼虫相比，喂食外源性营养物质的幼虫的代谢可以得到显著改善。这些发现表明，代谢组学（使用 LC-MS/MS）可用于评估影响扁玉螺幼虫的生理状态和受食物影响的代谢变化。
