Ogugua Akwoba Joseph, Akinseye Victor Oluwatoyin, Cadmus Eniola O, Jolaoluwa Awosanya Emmanuel A, Alabi Peter Ibukun, Idowu Olugbenga S, Akinade Samson A, Dale Emma J, Perrett Lorraine, Taylor Andrew, Ignocio Moriyon, Cadmus Simeon I B
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2018 Oct;50(7):1573-1582. doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1597-4. Epub 2018 Apr 22.
Using a cross-sectional survey, we determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis in herds under extensive production system in southwestern Nigeria. Antibodies to Brucella species in serum samples were tested using the Rose Bengal test (RBT) and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA); for milk, the milk ring test (MRT) and indirect-ELISA (i-ELISA) were used. Questionnaire was administered to cattle herdsmen to determine factors predisposing the animals to bovine brucellosis. Data were analyzed using STATA 12. From 513 serum and 635 milk samples tested among 120 herds, overall animal-level prevalence of 10.1% (95% CI 7.5-12.7%) and 20.2% (95% CI 17.1-23.3%) were recorded by RBT and MRT, respectively; while 9.4% (95% CI 6.9-11.9%) and 17.8% (95% CI 14.8-20.8%) were obtained using cELISA and i-ELISA, respectively. In all, from the 120 herds tested, 29.2% and 43.3% were positive by RBT and MRT, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that herd location (OR = 8.12, 95% CI 1.68-38.90) and improper disposal of placenta/fetus (OR = 17.33, 95% CI 4.81-62.33) were predictors for a seropositive herd using RBT; while herd location (OR = 5.13, 95% CI 1.27-20.28), large herd size (OR = 2.62, 95% CI 1.15-5.85), and occurrence of abortion for a year or more (OR = 4.62, 95% CI 1.53-13.71) were predictors of seropositivity to antibodies to Brucella spp. using MRT. We found high prevalence of brucellosis in cattle herds under extensive management system in southwestern Nigeria. Urgent and coordinated control strategies are required to mitigate this problem.
我们采用横断面调查，确定了尼日利亚西南部粗放式生产系统下牛群中布鲁氏菌病的流行情况及相关风险因素。血清样本中布鲁氏菌属抗体采用虎红平板凝集试验（RBT）和竞争酶联免疫吸附测定（cELISA）检测；牛奶样本则采用乳环状试验（MRT）和间接酶联免疫吸附测定（i-ELISA）检测。我们向养牛户发放问卷，以确定使动物易患牛布鲁氏菌病的因素。数据采用STATA 12进行分析。在120个牛群中检测的513份血清样本和635份牛奶样本中，RBT和MRT记录的动物总体感染率分别为10.1%（95%可信区间7.5-12.7%）和20.2%（95%可信区间17.1-23.3%）；而cELISA和i-ELISA检测的感染率分别为9.4%（95%可信区间6.9-11.9%）和17.8%（95%可信区间14.8-20.8%）。在所有检测的120个牛群中，RBT和MRT检测的阳性率分别为29.2%和43.3%。多变量逻辑回归显示，牛群所在位置（比值比=8.12，95%可信区间1.68-38.90）和胎盘/胎儿处理不当（比值比=17.33，95%可信区间4.81-62.33）是RBT检测血清阳性牛群的预测因素；而牛群所在位置（比值比=5.13，95%可信区间1.27-20.28）、牛群规模大（比值比=2.62，95%可信区间1.15-5.85）以及一年或更长时间内发生流产（比值比=4.62，95%可信区间1.53-13.71）是MRT检测布鲁氏菌属抗体血清阳性的预测因素。我们发现尼日利亚西南部粗放式管理系统下的牛群中布鲁氏菌病感染率很高。需要采取紧急且协调一致的控制策略来缓解这一问题。
