Gholami Ali, Baradaran Hamid Reza, Khatibzadeh Shahab, Sheidaei Ali, Parsaeian Mahboubeh, Farzadfar Farshad
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.# These authors contributed equally to this work.
The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
Arch Iran Med. 2018 Mar 1;21(3):122-130.
Dietary salt consumption is an important factor for mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the levels of salt consumption and then estimate the effects of current levels of salt consumption on mortality from CVDs at national and subnational levels from 1990 to 2016 in Iran.
In this study, we will use national and subnational studies with data on salt consumption, including self-report or lab tests for sodium measurement and all available published data about salt and sodium (with conduct a systematic review) to estimate salt exposure levels. We will also use data from death registration system (DRS) to estimate CVDs mortality attributable to salt consumption. We will use mixed-effects model to explore the effects of some covariates on salt consumption and then spatial-temporal model will be used to take into account how the values of salt consumption in each point vary further across time, space, and age. We will compute the proportional reduction in CVD deaths that will occur if salt consumption reduces to an alternative level (5 g/d), using comparative risk assessment (CRA). The simulation analysis will be used to estimate the uncertainty of the number of deaths attributable to salt consumption. All analyses will be performed separately by sex and age groups, province and year in STATA and R software packages.
The findings of this study seem to be helpful for providing good information about the salt consumption and CVDs mortality attributable to it for policymakers in directing future policy decisions and planning cost-effective strategies in Iran.
膳食盐摄入量是心血管疾病（CVD）死亡的一个重要因素。因此，本研究的目的是测量盐摄入量水平，然后估计1990年至2016年伊朗全国和次国家层面当前盐摄入量水平对CVD死亡的影响。
在本研究中，我们将使用国家和次国家层面关于盐摄入量的数据研究，包括自我报告或钠测量的实验室检测，以及所有可用的已发表的关于盐和钠的数据（并进行系统综述）来估计盐暴露水平。我们还将使用死亡登记系统（DRS）的数据来估计归因于盐摄入的CVD死亡率。我们将使用混合效应模型来探讨一些协变量对盐摄入的影响，然后使用时空模型来考虑每个点的盐摄入量值如何随时间、空间和年龄进一步变化。我们将使用比较风险评估（CRA）计算如果盐摄入量降至替代水平（5克/天）将发生的CVD死亡比例降低情况。模拟分析将用于估计归因于盐摄入的死亡人数的不确定性。所有分析将在STATA和R软件包中按性别和年龄组、省份和年份分别进行。
本研究的结果似乎有助于为伊朗的政策制定者提供有关盐摄入量及其导致的CVD死亡率的良好信息，以指导未来的政策决策和规划具有成本效益的策略。
