Saeedi Pouya, Shavandi Amin, Meredith-Jones Kim
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
J Funct Biomater. 2018 Apr 23;9(2):31. doi: 10.3390/jfb9020031.
Physicochemical properties of nail may offer valuable insight into the health of bone. Currently, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard technique for evaluating bone health through bone mineral density (BMD). However, only 70% of fractures are explained by low BMD according to DXA. Therefore, the World Health Organisation recommended the need for the development of alternative methods of assessing bone health. Keratin and collagen type I are major proteins in nail and bone, respectively. Both of these proteins undergo post-translational modifications, with a possible correlation between the degree of post-translational modifications in keratin and collagen. Raman spectroscopy is a technique used to detect changes in protein composition and structure. As changes in protein function and structure may be associated with the development of osteoporosis, Raman spectroscopy may be a valuable adjunct to assess bone health and fracture risk. This review critically evaluates various methods and techniques to identify the link between nail properties and bone health. The strengths and limitations of various studies and the potential use of nail protein and minerals to evaluate bone health have been also presented.
指甲的物理化学特性可能为了解骨骼健康提供有价值的见解。目前，双能X线吸收法（DXA）是通过骨密度（BMD）评估骨骼健康的金标准技术。然而，根据DXA检测，只有70%的骨折可由低骨密度来解释。因此，世界卫生组织建议有必要开发评估骨骼健康的替代方法。角蛋白和I型胶原蛋白分别是指甲和骨骼中的主要蛋白质。这两种蛋白质都会经历翻译后修饰，角蛋白和胶原蛋白的翻译后修饰程度之间可能存在相关性。拉曼光谱是一种用于检测蛋白质组成和结构变化的技术。由于蛋白质功能和结构的变化可能与骨质疏松症的发展有关，拉曼光谱可能是评估骨骼健康和骨折风险的一种有价值的辅助手段。这篇综述批判性地评估了各种方法和技术，以确定指甲特性与骨骼健康之间的联系。还介绍了各项研究的优势与局限性以及指甲蛋白质和矿物质在评估骨骼健康方面的潜在用途。
