Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 25;13(4):e0194100. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194100. eCollection 2018.
The oral microbiome has been linked to a number of chronic inflammatory conditions, including obesity, diabetes, periodontitis, and cancers of the stomach and liver. These conditions disproportionately affect Mexican American women, yet few studies have examined the oral microbiota in this at-risk group. We characterized the 16S rDNA oral microbiome in 369 non-smoking women enrolled in the MD Anderson Mano a Mano Mexican American Cohort Study. Lower bacterial diversity, a potential indicator of oral health, was associated with increased age and length of US residency among recent immigrants. Grouping women by overarching bacterial community type (e.g., "Streptococcus," "Fusobacterium," and "Prevotella" clusters), we observed differences across a number of acculturation-related variables, including nativity, age at immigration, time in the US, country of longest residence, and a multi-dimensional acculturation scale. Participants in the cluster typified by higher abundance of Streptococcus spp. exhibited the lowest bacterial diversity and appeared the most acculturated as compared to women in the "Prevotella" group. Computationally-predicted functional analysis suggested the Streptococcus-dominated bacterial community had greater potential for carbohydrate metabolism while biosynthesis of essential amino acids and nitrogen metabolism prevailed among the Prevotella-high group. Findings suggest immigration and adaption to life in the US, a well-established mediator of disease risk, is associated with differences in oral microbial profiles in Mexican American women. These results warrant further investigation into the joint and modifying effects of acculturation and oral bacteria on the health of Mexican American women and other immigrant populations. The oral microbiome presents an easily accessible biomarker of disease risk, spanning biological, behavioral, and environmental factors.
口腔微生物群与许多慢性炎症性疾病有关，包括肥胖、糖尿病、牙周炎以及胃癌和肝癌。这些疾病在墨西哥裔美国女性中发病率更高，但很少有研究检查过这个高危群体的口腔微生物群。我们对 MD Anderson Mano a Mano 墨西哥裔美国队列研究中招募的 369 名不吸烟的女性的 16S rDNA 口腔微生物组进行了特征描述。在最近移民中，较低的细菌多样性（口腔健康的潜在指标）与年龄增长和在美国居住时间延长有关。根据总体细菌群落类型（例如，“链球菌”、“梭杆菌”和“普雷沃氏菌”簇）对女性进行分组，我们观察到了与许多文化适应相关变量的差异，包括原籍国、移民年龄、在美国的时间、居住时间最长的国家以及多维文化适应量表。在以链球菌属丰度较高为特征的聚类中，参与者的细菌多样性最低，与“普雷沃氏菌”组相比，他们的文化适应程度似乎更高。基于计算的功能分析表明，链球菌主导的细菌群落具有更大的碳水化合物代谢潜力，而普雷沃氏菌含量高的组中则主要进行必需氨基酸的生物合成和氮代谢。研究结果表明，移民和适应美国生活（一种公认的疾病风险中介）与墨西哥裔美国女性口腔微生物群的差异有关。这些结果值得进一步研究文化适应和口腔细菌对墨西哥裔美国女性和其他移民群体健康的共同和修饰作用。口腔微生物群提供了一种易于获得的疾病风险生物标志物，涵盖了生物学、行为和环境因素。
