Sugino Norihiro, Matsuoka Aki, Taniguchi Ken, Tamura Hiroshi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
Reprod Med Biol. 2008 Apr 17;7(2):91-103. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0578.2008.00205.x. eCollection 2008 Jun.
Angiogenesis is important for the formation and development of the corpus luteum and for maintenance of luteal function. Blood vessel regression is an important physiological phenomenon in the corpus luteum, which is associated with tissue involution during structural luteolysis. Angiogenesis actively occurs during the early luteal phase and is completed by the mid-luteal phase. Perivascular cells (pericytes) increase in number from the early luteal phase to the mid-luteal phase, suggesting that blood vessels are gradually stabilized until the mid-luteal phase. In the corpus luteum undergoing luteolysis, blood vessels and pericytes decrease in number, which is related to structural involution. In the corpus luteum of early pregnancy, the number of blood vessels with pericytes increases, suggesting that angiogenesis occurs again, accompanied by blood vessel stabilization. These changes in vasculature of the corpus luteum are regulated by the collaboration with vascular endothelial growth factor, which is involved in proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and angiopoietins, which are involved in stabilization of blood vessels. This review focuses on angiogenesis, blood vessel stabilization and blood vessel regression during the divergent phases of luteal formation, luteal regression and luteal rescue by pregnancy. (Reprod Med Biol 2008; : 91-103).
血管生成对于黄体的形成、发育以及黄体功能的维持至关重要。血管消退是黄体中的一种重要生理现象，它与结构性黄体溶解过程中的组织退化相关。血管生成在黄体早期活跃发生，并在黄体中期完成。从黄体早期到黄体中期，血管周围细胞（周细胞）数量增加，这表明血管在黄体中期之前逐渐稳定。在经历黄体溶解的黄体中，血管和周细胞数量减少，这与结构退化有关。在妊娠早期的黄体中，带有周细胞的血管数量增加，这表明血管生成再次发生，并伴有血管稳定。黄体血管系统的这些变化是由血管内皮生长因子（参与血管内皮细胞增殖）和血管生成素（参与血管稳定）的协同作用调节的。本综述重点关注黄体形成、黄体退化和妊娠黄体挽救不同阶段的血管生成、血管稳定和血管消退。（《生殖医学与生物学》2008年；：91 - 103）
