1 Dijon Stroke Registry (Inserm, Santé Publique France), EA 7460, University Hospital of Dijon - University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
2 Neurology Service (Pr C. Tranchant), University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Int J Stroke. 2018 Oct;13(7):687-695. doi: 10.1177/1747493018772800. Epub 2018 Apr 27.
Background Outdoor air pollution is now a well-known risk factor for morbidity and mortality, and is increasingly being identified as a major risk factor for stroke. Methods A narrative literature review of the effects of short and long-term exposure to air pollution on stroke and dementia risk and cognitive functioning. Results Ten papers on stroke and 17 on dementia were selected. Air pollution, and in particular small particulate matter, contributes to about one-third of the global stroke burden and about one-fifth of the global burden of dementia. It particularly affects vulnerable patients with other vascular risk factors or a prior history of stroke in low- and medium-income countries. New pathophysiological mechanisms of the cause-effect associations are suggested. Conclusion Air pollution should be considered as a new modifiable cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative risk factor. This massive worldwide public health problem requires environmental health policies able to reduce air pollution and thus the stroke and dementia burden.
背景
户外空气污染现在是发病率和死亡率的一个众所周知的风险因素，并且越来越被认为是中风的一个主要风险因素。
方法
对短期和长期暴露于空气污染对中风和痴呆风险以及认知功能的影响进行叙述性文献回顾。
结果
选择了 10 篇关于中风的论文和 17 篇关于痴呆的论文。空气污染，特别是小颗粒物，导致约三分之一的全球中风负担和约五分之一的全球痴呆负担。它特别影响到低中等收入国家中存在其他血管风险因素或既往中风史的脆弱患者。新的病理生理机制表明了因果关系。
结论
空气污染应被视为新的可改变的脑血管和神经退行性风险因素。这个全球性的重大公共卫生问题需要环境卫生政策，以减少空气污染，从而降低中风和痴呆的负担。
