Division of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Oct;23(5):340-346. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2018.04.001. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
Lung aeration is the critical first step that triggers the transition from fetal to postnatal cardiopulmonary physiology after birth. When an infant is apneic or does not breathe sufficiently, intervention is needed to support this transition. Effective ventilation is therefore the cornerstone of neonatal resuscitation. In this article, we review the physiology of cardiopulmonary transition at birth, with particular attention to factors the caregiver should consider when providing ventilation. We then summarize the available clinical evidence for strategies to monitor and perform positive pressure ventilation in the delivery room setting.
肺充气是出生后从胎儿向心肺生理转变的关键第一步。当婴儿出现窒息或呼吸不足时，需要进行干预以支持这种转变。因此，有效的通气是新生儿复苏的基石。本文综述了出生时心肺转变的生理学，特别关注护理人员在提供通气时应考虑的因素。然后，我们总结了在产房环境中监测和进行正压通气的现有临床证据策略。
