State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
J Anim Sci. 2018 Jul 28;96(8):3264-3273. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky186.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on the growth performance, creatine and energy metabolism, and carcass characteristics in growing-finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (n = 180, 33.61 ± 3.91 kg average BW) were blocked by weight and sex, and allotted to 5 treatments with 6 replicates (3 gilts and 3 barrows per replicate pen). Diets were corn-soybean meal-basal diets supplemented with 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1,200 mg/kg of GAA and fed to the pigs for 98 d. From days 1 to 98, G:F increased (linear, P < 0.05) with increasing addition of dietary GAA. Using a broken-line model, the optimum level of dietary GAA was 300 mg/kg during the overall experimental period (days 1 to 98) to maximize G:F. Hot carcass weight, carcass length, and lean percentage showed a tendency to increase (quadratic, 0.05 < P < 0.10) with increasing addition of dietary GAA. On day 98, serum GAA and liver creatine tended to increase (linear, P = 0.10, 0.07) as dietary GAA increased. In addition, serum ATP on day 98 increased linearly (linear, P < 0.01), and muscle ATP and adenosine monophosphate increased quadratically (quadratic, P = 0.05) with incremental GAA supplementation. In Exp. 2, Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (n = 180, 53.19 ± 5.63 kg average BW) were blocked by weight and sex, and allotted to 5 treatments with 6 replicates (3 gilts and 3 barrows per replicate pen). Diets were corn-soybean meal-basal diets supplemented with 0, 150, 300, 600, and 1,200 mg/kg of GAA for 35 d. As dietary GAA increased, final BW, ADG, and G:F increased quadratically (quadratic, P < 0.01), and 300 mg/kg of GAA maximized ADG and final BW (P < 0.05).The results indicate that dietary GAA could increase the creatine and ATP load in the tissues of pigs and accordingly improve growth performance. Dietary supplementation with 300 mg/kg of GAA was suitable to maximize the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.
本研究旨在探讨胍基乙酸（GAA）对生长育肥猪生长性能、肌酸和能量代谢以及胴体特性的影响。在实验 1 中，杜洛克×长白×大约克夏猪（n = 180，平均体重 33.61 ± 3.91 kg）按体重和性别分组，分为 5 个处理组，每个处理组设 6 个重复（每个重复栏 3 头母猪和 3 头公猪）。日粮为玉米-豆粕基础日粮，添加 0、300、600、900 和 1200 mg/kg 的 GAA，试验期为 98 d。从第 1 天到第 98 天，随着日粮 GAA 添加量的增加，G:F 呈线性增加（P < 0.05）。使用折线模型，在整个试验期（第 1 天至第 98 天），日粮 GAA 的最佳水平为 300 mg/kg，以最大限度地提高 G:F。热胴体重、胴体长和瘦肉率呈线性增加（P < 0.10）随着日粮 GAA 添加量的增加。第 98 天，血清 GAA 和肝脏肌酸含量呈线性增加（P = 0.10，0.07），随着日粮 GAA 添加量的增加而增加。此外，第 98 天血清 ATP 呈线性增加（线性，P < 0.01），肌肉 ATP 和单磷酸腺苷呈二次增加（二次，P = 0.05）随着 GAA 补充量的增加。在实验 2 中，杜洛克×长白×大约克夏猪（n = 180，平均体重 53.19 ± 5.63 kg）按体重和性别分组，分为 5 个处理组，每个处理组设 6 个重复（每个重复栏 3 头母猪和 3 头公猪）。日粮为玉米-豆粕基础日粮，添加 0、150、300、600 和 1200 mg/kg 的 GAA，试验期为 35 d。随着日粮 GAA 的增加，末重、ADG 和 G:F 呈二次增加（二次，P < 0.01），300 mg/kg 的 GAA 使 ADG 和末重达到最大（P < 0.05）。结果表明，日粮 GAA 可增加猪组织中的肌酸和 ATP 负荷，从而提高生长性能。日粮补充 300 mg/kg 的 GAA 适合最大限度地提高生长育肥猪的生长性能。
