Nutrition & Care, Animal Nutrition, Evonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd., Singapore.
Institute of Animal Science of Southern Vietnam, Vietnam.
J Anim Sci. 2018 Jun 4;96(6):2332-2341. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky137.
Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in pigs from wean to finish (Exp 1) and finishing pigs fed GAA at different time periods before slaughter (Exp 2). In Exp 1, a total of 360 weaned pigs (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire]) with an average initial BW of 7.17 ± 0.03 kg were randomly distributed into 3 dietary treatments consisting of 10 replicates per treatment and 12 pigs (6 barrows and 6 gilts) per replicate. Dietary treatments were a control (CON; basal diet), a basal diet + 0.08% GAA (0.08% GAA); and a basal diet + 0.12% GAA (0.12% GAA). The duration of the experiment was 150 d. At the end of the experiment, 20 pigs (10 barrows and 10 gilts) from each treatment were slaughtered for measuring carcass characteristics and meat quality. In Exp 2, 1,440 finishing pigs [(Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)), 56.15 ± 0.10 kg BW)] were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 18 replicates (20 pigs per replicate). Dietary treatments were a control diet (CON; basal), a basal diet + 0.12% GAA fed 60 d before slaughter (T1), a basal diet + 0.12% GAA fed 40 d before slaughter (T2), and a basal diet + 0.12% GAA fed 25 d before slaughter (T3). Body weight was measured at the start (120 d of age) and at the end (180 d of age) of the experiment. At the end of the study, 144 pigs (72 barrows and 72 gilts) from 4 dietary treatments (36 pigs per treatment) were slaughtered for the determination of carcass and meat quality parameters. In Exp 1, 0.12 % GAA increased (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F during starter, grower, finisher, and the overall growth period (30 to 180 d of age). Pigs fed 0.12 % GAA had improved (P < 0.05) lean meat yield in comparison with CON. There was no interaction effect among GAA supplementation and sex of the pigs. Meat quality was not affected by GAA supplementation in pigs. In Exp 2, the final BW, ADG, and lean yield of the pigs fed T1 were higher (P < 0.05) than CON and those fed T3. The carcass back-fat thickness of T1 was lower (P < 0.05) than CON. In conclusion, 0.12% GAA improved the growth performance and lean meat yield in pigs from wean to finish. Finishing pigs fed diets supplemented with 0.12% GAA 60 d before slaughter improved ADG, feed efficiency, and lean meat yield and reduced back-fat thickness compared with those fed GAA unsupplemented diets.
两项研究旨在评估在断奶至育肥期（试验 1）和育肥猪在屠宰前不同时间添加胍基乙酸（GAA）对猪生长性能、胴体特征和肉质的影响。在试验 1 中，共有 360 头断奶猪（杜洛克×[长白猪×约克夏]），平均初始体重为 7.17±0.03kg，随机分为 3 种饲粮处理，每个处理 10 个重复，每个重复 12 头猪（6 头公猪和 6 头母猪）。饲粮处理包括对照（CON；基础饲粮）、基础饲粮+0.08%GAA（0.08%GAA）和基础饲粮+0.12%GAA（0.12%GAA）。试验持续 150d。试验结束时，每个处理的 20 头猪（10 头公猪和 10 头母猪）被屠宰以测量胴体特征和肉质。在试验 2 中，1440 头育肥猪[（杜洛克×（长白猪×约克夏）]，体重为 56.15±0.10kg）被随机分为 4 个处理，每个处理 18 个重复（每个重复 20 头猪）。饲粮处理包括对照饲粮（CON；基础）、基础饲粮+0.12%GAA 在屠宰前 60d 添加（T1）、基础饲粮+0.12%GAA 在屠宰前 40d 添加（T2）和基础饲粮+0.12%GAA 在屠宰前 25d 添加（T3）。在试验开始（120 日龄）和结束（180 日龄）时测量体重。试验结束时，从 4 个饲粮处理（每个处理 36 头猪）中选择 144 头猪（72 头公猪和 72 头母猪）进行屠宰，以确定胴体和肉质参数。在试验 1 中，0.12%GAA 提高了（P＜0.05）仔猪、生长猪、育肥猪和整个生长阶段（30-180 日龄）的 ADG 和饲料效率。与 CON 相比，饲喂 0.12%GAA 的猪的瘦肉产量得到改善（P＜0.05）。GAA 补充与猪的性别之间没有互作效应。GAA 补充对猪的肉质没有影响。在试验 2 中，饲喂 T1 的猪的末重、ADG 和瘦肉产量均高于 CON 和 T3（P＜0.05）。T1 的胴体背脂厚度低于 CON（P＜0.05）。综上所述，0.12%GAA 提高了断奶至育肥猪的生长性能和瘦肉产量。与饲喂不添加 GAA 饲粮的猪相比，在屠宰前 60d 添加 0.12%GAA 的育肥猪提高了 ADG、饲料效率和瘦肉产量，降低了背脂厚度。
