University of California, Davis School of Medicine and Center for Healthcare Policy & Research, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Prev Sci. 2018 Nov;19(8):1113-1122. doi: 10.1007/s11121-018-0909-2.
Teen dating violence and sexual violence are severe public health problems. Abusive behaviors within the context of dating or romantic relationships are associated with adverse health outcomes. Promoting positive bystander intervention and increasing knowledge of abusive behaviors are promising strategies for preventing dating and sexual violence. Coaching Boys Into Men (CBIM) is an evidence-based, athletic coach-delivered dating violence prevention program that has been shown to increase positive bystander behaviors and reduce abuse perpetration among high school male athletes. Identifying specific barriers and facilitators based on the coaches' experiences with program delivery combined with the coaches' and athletes' program perceptions may help optimize future CBIM implementation and sustainability. Semi-structured interviews with coaches (n = 36) explored the implementers' perspectives on strategies that worked well and potential barriers to program implementation. Ten focus groups with male athletes (n = 39) assessed their experiences with CBIM and the suitability of having their coaches deliver this program. Coaches described using the CBIM training cards and integrating program delivery during practice. Athletes reported coaches routinely delivering the CBIM program and adding their own personal stories or examples to the discussions. Key facilitators to program implementation include support from the violence prevention advocate, the ease of integrating CBIM into the sports season, and using the program materials. Barriers to implementation included finding sufficient time for the program, dynamics of delivering sensitive program content, and participant constraints. Coaches and athletes alike found the program feasible and acceptable to implement within the sports setting. Both coaches and athletes offered insights on the implementation and the feasibility and acceptability of CBIM within school-based athletic programs. These experiences by implementers and recipients alike can inform future dissemination and implementation efforts of CBIM. Further, by pinpointing where and how coaches were successful in implementing the program and what resonated with athletes, can help better understand how CBIM is effective in promoting athletes to stop violence against women and girls. Coach and athlete reflections on CBIM implementation provide insights for optimizing future program delivery and dissemination.
青少年恋爱暴力和性暴力是严重的公共卫生问题。在恋爱或浪漫关系背景下的虐待行为与不良健康结果有关。促进积极的旁观者干预和增加对虐待行为的认识是预防恋爱和性暴力的有前途的策略。《培养男孩成为男人》（CBIM）是一个基于证据的、由体育教练提供的恋爱暴力预防项目，已被证明可以增加积极的旁观者行为，并减少高中男运动员的虐待行为。根据教练在项目实施过程中的经验，结合教练和运动员对项目的看法，确定具体的障碍和促进因素，可能有助于优化未来 CBIM 的实施和可持续性。对教练（n=36）进行半结构化访谈，探讨了实施者对效果良好的策略和项目实施潜在障碍的看法。与男运动员（n=39）进行了 10 次焦点小组讨论，评估了他们对 CBIM 的体验以及让教练来教授该项目的适宜性。教练描述了使用 CBIM 培训卡和在练习中整合项目交付的情况。运动员报告说，教练经常教授 CBIM 计划，并在讨论中加入自己的个人故事或例子。项目实施的主要促进因素包括预防暴力倡导者的支持、将 CBIM 融入运动赛季的便利性以及使用项目材料。实施障碍包括为项目找到足够的时间、交付敏感项目内容的动态以及参与者的限制。教练和运动员都认为该项目在体育环境中是可行和可接受的。实施者和接受者都对 CBIM 在学校体育项目中的实施、可行性和可接受性提供了见解。这些经验可以为 CBIM 的未来传播和实施工作提供信息。此外，通过确定教练在实施项目方面取得成功的地方和方式，以及与运动员产生共鸣的地方，可以更好地了解 CBIM 如何有效地促使运动员停止对妇女和女孩的暴力行为。教练和运动员对 CBIM 实施情况的反思为优化未来的项目交付和传播提供了见解。
